Area List, Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Jefferson County, United States.

Eastern Mojave Vegetation

Detailed Area Plant List for Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Jefferson County, United States.

Edited by Tom Schweich

This list is assembled from personal collections, herbarium vouchers, and published lists. For California, much of the data is provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria as indicated by a single dagger “†.” Their web site is at: (http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/consortium/). For Colorado, much of the data is provided by the Southwest Environmental Information Network as indicated by a double dagger “‡,” which web site is found at (http://swbiodiversity.org). See their respective websites for copyright information and recommended citation formats.

For a complete list of Locations included in this Area List, see the Locations Included section, below.

For a check list, please see: Check List for Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Jefferson County, United States.

Pinaceae

Pinus ponderosa Laws. Ponderosa Pine. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Upper slopes just below the railroad tracks. Stevens parcel immediately south of the Ranson/Edwards parcel, 400 m west northwest of the Plainview Road bridge over Coal Creek, 14.5 km north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1316. 14 Apr 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00067749^‡ ) .

Anacardiaceae

Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, 2834. 6/15/2022. . .

Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. trilobata. (Syn: Rhus aromatica Aiton var. trilobata (Nutt.) A. Gray ex S. Watson ) Skunkbush Sumac. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, 1762. 7/6/2019. . .

Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small ex Rydb.) Greene. Western Poison Ivy. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1761. 7/6/2019. Tom Schweich 1782. 8/27/2019. Small colony near ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1950. 6/23/2020. .

Apiaceae

Cicuta maculata L. var. angustifolia Hook. Spotted Water Hemlock. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing in creek, also nearby: Heliomeris multiflora, Mentha arvensis, Lysimachia ciliata, Ranunculus pensylvanicus, and Galium boreale. Infraspecific names are not accepted by current Colorado florae. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 0.9 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 575 m. generally west along small creek. 15.1 km. north northwest of Golden. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3285. 28 June 2024. ( Undist. ) . .

Harbouria trachypleura (A. Gray) J.M. Coult. & Rose. (Syn: Thaspium trachypleurum A. Gray ) Whiskbroom Parsley. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, On break in slope above reservoir. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 620 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1380. 29 May 2016. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063829^‡ ) Among grasses and ponderosa pines, near top of south-facing slope. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, then 2.4 mi. northerly on Plainview Road, then 40 m. or so south of the road. 16 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1408. 10 Jun 2016. ( COLO02348357^‡ EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063836^‡ ) . .

Lomatium orientale J.M. Coult. & Rose. Salt-and-Pepper. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 20 cm., woody taproot; Leaves, compound, pinnate, 75 mm. × 26 mm. wide, ultimate divisions, ≤3 mm., ≤1 mm. wide, villous, tips, obtuse, (with a very small white “spine”); Inflorescence, compound umbel; Involucel Bracts, glabrous; Flowers, white; Anthers, red; Ovary, glabrous, stylopodium, absent; Fruit, 5 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, ovate, glabrous, dorsally compressed, lateral ribs winged (Described from Coll. No. 1837, 17 May 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Occasional on drier or more-exposed surfaces. On a somewhat rocky alluvial terrace, north side of an unnamed creek, 1.2 miles north on Plainview Road from the intersection with Colorado State Highway 72, Coal Creek Canyon Road, and then 200 m east across the field. Tom Schweich 1077. 23 Mar 2015. ( JCOS s.n. ) Gentle east-facing grassy slopes. Stevens parcel just south of Ranson/Edwards parcel, about 180 m. northwest of the Plainview Road bridge over Coal Creek, 3.65 km west southwest of the GNIS location of Rocky Flats, Tom Schweich 1326. 5 May 2016. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063813^‡ OBI83174^‡ UCR278788^‡ ) Along a low ridge that is a little drier and rockier than surrounding grass land; moss growing on bare soil. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 567 m. northeast past the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1837. 17 May 2018. ( COLO02347672^‡ EIU ) Geographic coordinates estimated with GoogleEarth. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO 72 from CO 93, 1.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then approx. 300 m. northeast on an old road in the direction of the original homestead. Open prairie, lightly grazed in some recent years. Tom Schweich 2075. 10 Jun 2019. ( CIBO EIU REGIS s.n. Error 14.6(b)-7c ) . .

Musineon divaricatum (Pursh) Raf. Leafy Wildparsley. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Irene Weber 1684. 5/22/2019. .

Apocynaceae

Apocynum �floribundum Greene. Dogbane. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 35 cm.; Leaves, cauline, opposite, spreading horizontal, petiole 2 mm. + blade 50 mm. × 24 mm. wide, ovate, margin revolute; Sepals, 2.5 mm.; Flowers, bell-shaped, 6 mm. × 5 mm. wide, >2× calyx; Petals, fused at base, tube mm. + lobes 2 mm., pink, drying purple, lobes erect to spreading, none reflexed; Stamens, 5. Filaments, distinct; More like A. androsaemifolium than A. cannabinum, but it seems to best fit the description of the hybrid A. �floribundum. (Described from Coll. No. 1442, 22 June 2016.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In dense vegetation at edge of old road. Flood plain of Coal Creek, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 340 m. generally east on an old road leading to Coal Creek; 14.7 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1466. 27 Jun 2016. ( COLO02348878^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063977^‡ ) Along old road in the direction of the original homestead. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.3 miles north on Plainview Road, then 20 meters east into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1678. 28 Jun 2017. ( CDA0050015^‡ EIU029805^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00065483^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.3 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 50 m. northeast on an old ranch road, 20.0 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2378. 23 Jun 2020. ( CAS COLO2434413^‡ CS UC ) . .

Apocynum androsaemifolium L. Bitter Dogbane. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Plainview, Location as “Plainsview.” Ellsworth Bethel Jun 1905. ( CS16335^‡ ) .

Asclepiadaceae

Asclepias speciosa Torr. Showy Milkweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1438. 7/26/2015. . .

Asclepias stenophylla A. Gray. Narrow-leaved Milkweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Foothills grassland. High plains above Rocky Flats, southwestern corner of the park, west of Plainview Road, along the southern fence line, and continuing to the north to an ephemeral steam. Irene Weber, with Anthony Massaro and Tanner Marshall 8 Jul 2020. ( JCOS s.n. ) Also here: Poa compressa, Artemisia ludoviciana, Phleum pratense, Rosa arkansana, Apocynum sp. Tom Schweich 1955. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1956. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1957. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1958. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1959. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1960. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1961. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1962. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1963. 7/12/2020. Flag: green. Tom Schweich 1965. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1966. 7/12/2020. Flagged with green flag. Tom Schweich 1967. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1968. 7/12/2020. Flagged with green flag. Tom Schweich 1969. 7/12/2020. Flag: green. Tom Schweich 1970. 7/12/2020. Flagged (?) Tom Schweich 1971. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1972. 7/12/2020. Flagged (?) Tom Schweich 1973. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1974. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1975. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1976. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich 1977. 7/12/2020. First recognized at Ranson/Edwards by Irene Weber. CNHP rare plant rank S2, global rank G4G5. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 550-600 m. west to the southwest corner of the parcel, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2379. 12 Jul 2020. ( KHD00072981^‡ ) Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3736. 6/28/2024. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3737. 6/28/2024. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3740. 6/28/2024. fruit Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3823. 8/30/2024. fruit Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3827. 8/30/2024. fruit Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3829. 8/30/2024. fruit Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3830. 8/30/2024. fruit Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3831. 8/30/2024. fruit Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3832. 8/30/2024. . .

Asclepias viridiflora Raf. Green Comet Milkweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Observed on CoNPS field trip, coordinates approximate. Tom Schweich 1664. 7/8/2017. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3732. 6/28/2024. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3733. 6/28/2024. with wavy leaf margins Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3824. 8/30/2024. fruit Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3825. 8/30/2024. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3826. 8/30/2024. .

Asteraceae

. Composite. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3357. 26 Jul 2024. ( Undist. ) Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3739. 6/28/2024. Tribe Gnathalidae? iNaturalist Observation 231921164. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3816. 7/26/2024. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3365. 30 Aug 2024. ( Undist. ) . .

Achillea millefolium L. (Syn: A. lanulosa Nutt. , A. m. L. var. alpicola (Rydb.) Garrett , A. m. L. var. lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper , A. m. L. var. occidentalis DC. ) Common Yarrow. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb to 50 cm.;; Leaves alternate, tendrils absent, finely dissected, aromatic when fresh; Inflorescence, heads enclosed by an involucre, in flat-topped clusters; Phyllaries in 2+ series; Receptacles bearing scale-like bracts (paleate); Perianth in 2 or more whorls, parts in 5s; Phyllaries in 2+ series, not all subtending ray flowers; Flowers open, bisexual, two kinds, some with strap-shaped corollas; Petals fused into a tube; Ray flowers, white, lobe ovate; Disc flowers, white; Stamens = in number to corolla lobes; Ovary inferior. Pistils, 1 per flower (Described from Coll. No. 482, 30 Nov 2011, and Coll. No. 1023, 24 Jul 2013).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Banks of intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 175 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1251. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062047^‡ UC UCR267464^‡ ) . .

Ambrosia psilostachya DC. Western Ragweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm., woody at base; Leaves opposite below, alternate above, 50 mm. × 22 mm., ovate, pinnately divided; Inflorescence indeterminate, appearing raceme-like, 2 kinds of flowers, pistillate heads many, distal, carpellate heads few, clustered in distal leafy axils; Phyllaries fused into a cup; Receptacle not chaffy; Pappus absent (Described from Coll. No. 1068, 8 Oct 2014).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1458. 8/28/2015. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 35 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1763. 1 Sep 2017. ( CDA0052332^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00065167^‡ ) . .

Antennaria rosea Greene. Rosy Pussytoes. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 9 cm., stoloniferous 4-5 cm., forming loose mats in wet muddy soil, all sixteen plants collected pistillate (gynoecious?); Leaves, simple, white tomentose both sides, basal, 35 mm. × 9 mm wide, oblanceolate, cauline, 11-13 mm., linear; Inflorescence, >> basal leaves; Involucre, 5.5-7.0 mm.; Bracts (phyllaries), 5.0-6-5 mm. × 1.1-0.7 mm. wide, green at base, purplish band in middle, tips, white, scarious. (Described from Coll. No. 1083, 25 April 2015).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing in patches among openings in a grassy, formerly burned open ponderosa pine woodland. 2.1 miles on Plainview Road north of Colorado State Highway 72, then 115 m west. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1083. 25 Apr 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56958^‡ UC2045771^‡ ) . .

Arctium minus Bernh. Lesser Burdock. Weed: CO DofA, List: C. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Collected with Cynoglossum officinale. Vegetative parts only, collections with flower or fruit typically made in August through October. Colorado Noxious Weed List C. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 365 m. east into a thicket, primarily of Prunus virginiana, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2124.1 6 Jul 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00072728^‡ ) . .

Arnica fulgens Pursh. Shining Leopardbane. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb of wetlands, moist, or somehow equible areas, to 35 cm., glandular hairy throughout; Leaves, mostly basal and few cauline, basal, axils with 5 mm. brown wavy hair, petiole 50-70 mm. + blade 60-100 mm. × 12-30 mm. wide, 3.3-5 × longer than wide, lanceolate, tip obtuse, cauline, opposite, sessile, ±2 pair, much reduced; Inflorescence, showy, single heads on peduncle to 80 mm., flowers of two kinds; Involucre, 13-15 mm. × 22-30 mm. wide; Phyllaries, 2 ±equal series, 11-14 mm.× 3-3.5 mm. wide, margins, flat, tips, obtuse green with dark tips glandular-hairy abaxially; Receptacle epaleate; Rays, #12, fertile, tube 3-5 mm. + blade 16-19 mm. × 7-7.5 mm. wide = 19-24 mm., corolla yellow; Disc flowers, tube 7-7.5 mm. + lobes ≤1 mm. = 8-8.5 mm.; Pappus, bristles, 9 mm., white, barbelate; Anther, yellow; Achene, 5 mm., short hairy. Described from Coll. Nos. 1119, 1371, and 1871. Subtribe Arnicinae is a sister subtribe to Madiinae (tarweeds) and Hulseinae, which contains both Hulsea and Eatonella, both common in the Mono Lake basin. Described by Pursh in Fl. Am. Sept. 2: 527 “On the banks of the Missouri,” but this is not a Lewis & Clark collection. Perhaps it is a Nuttall collection from 1810. Holotype: BM?, Isotype: PH.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Very wet, running water among grasses and sedges. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 110 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1119. 28 May 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56970^‡ UCR265985^‡ ) Moist east-facing slope with deep grass. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, then 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road. 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1371. 29 May 2016. ( CAS COLO02348472^‡ CS EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063982^‡ OBI83169^‡ ) . .

Artemisia campestris L. Field Sagewort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 60 cm., longer lived than biennial; Stem, 4± per caudex, reddish; Leaves, basal mostly withered, cauline, 8 mm. × 0.6 mm. wide, narrowly oblanceolate, tomentose; Inflorescence, 130 mm. × 20 mm. wide; Heads, many, 2 mm. × 2 mm. wide; Phyllaries, 2+ series, 1.5 mm. × 1 mm. wide, green to scarious; Receptacle, naked. Described fromColl. No. 1767, 1 Sep 2017. Note: It is important to note presence or absence of a basal rosette when collecting.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Rocky alluvial ridge. Somewhat ambiguous as to variety, but most like var. pacifica if infraspecific names are to be applied. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 250 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1767. 1 Sep 2017. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00065169^‡ UCR ^‡ ) . .

Artemisia campestris L. ssp. pacifica (Nutt.) Peck. Field Sagewort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Fairly dry, exposed prairie on small ridge between watercourses. Also observed/collected nearby: Toxicodendron rydbergii and Solidago nana. Same as Coll. No. 2207. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.1 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 500 m. west on a small ridge, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2206. 27 Aug 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00074284^‡ ) Fairly dry, exposed prairie on small ridge between watercourses. Also observed/collected nearby: Toxicodendron rydbergii and Solidago nana. Same as Coll. No. 2206. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.1 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 620 m. west on a small ridge, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2207. 27 Aug 2019. ( COLO2434561^‡ OBI186024^‡ REGIS ) . .

Artemisia frigida Willd. Prairie Sagewort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 30 cm., woody at base; Stems many; Leaves alternate, 9 mm., pinnately dissected into 7 parts, silvery hairy; Inflorescence raceme-like, indeterminate, heads 1-3 in axils; Heads have only disk flowers, all alike; Involucre of hairy phyllaries; Phyllaries in 2 series, hairy, not gummy or with tips recurved; Receptacle hairy, not chaffy or bristly; Flowers fertile; Pappus absent; (Described from Coll. No. 1067, 8 Oct 2014).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1456. 8/28/2015. . .

Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. Silver Wormwood. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In a grassy low spot away from established drainage. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 535 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1281. 28 Aug 2015. ( CAS EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00062048^‡ OBI83256^‡ UC UCR267478^‡ ) . .

Bidens frondosa L. Devil's Beggartick. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Herbs, 18-28 cm.; Leaves, basal, unknown, cauline, opposite, 50 mm. × 40 mm. wide, pinnately compound, leaflets, #3, 25 mm. × 12 mm. wide, margin, serrate; Inflorescence, head enclosed in an involucre, 5-6 mm. wide; Phyllaries, outer, #5, 12 mm. × 2 mm. wide, green, inner, many, 5.5 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, brown, margin, scarious (similar to the paleae); Receptacle, paleate; Paleae, 5 mm. × 1.7 mm. wide, margin, scarious; Corolla, 1.5 mm., orange-yellow; Pappus, #2, barbed awns, 1.5 mm.; Achene, 2-5-2.8 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide, very flat, hairy (Described from Coll. No. 2202, 27 August 2019).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 290 m. west to a small reservoir. Tom Schweich 2202. 27 Aug 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00070528^‡ OBI186030^‡ ) Edge of an ephemeral stream, with Heliomeris multiflora, Lsyimachia ciliata, Mentha arvensis, and Lycopus americanus. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.1 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 725 m. west to an ephemeral stream, 19.7 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2210.1 27 Aug 2019. ( CAS UCR ) . .

Carduus nutans L. (Syn: Carduus nutans L. ssp. macrolepis (Peterman) Kazmi ) Nodding Plumeless Thistle. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, to 55 cm., tap-rooted, branched at base; Leaves, basal, withered at flowering, cauline, alternate, decurrent 40 mm. + blade 75 mm. × 25 mm. wide, pinnately lobed, margins spiny; Inflorescence, single heads on spiny tomentose peduncles 2.5-15 cm.; Phyllaries, many graduated series, 9-20 mm. × 1-3 mm. wide, thick at base, mostly green, purplish at margins, mid-vein prominent, tip spiny; Receptacle, alveolate (honeycombed), flat, bristly; Disk flowers, 25 mm., color purple; Pappus, capillary bristles, 18 mm. (Described from Coll. No. 1517, 24 July 2016.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Northwest-facing slope above ephemeral stream. Introduced. Colorado Noxious Weed List B. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 560 m. downhill to northeast; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1517. 24 Jul 2016. ( EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063455^‡ OBI83332^‡ ) . .

Centaurea diffusa Lam. (Syn: Acosta diffusa (Lam.) Soja' k ) Diffuse Knapweed. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Biennial/Perennial herb, to 50 cm.; Leaves, cauline, alternate, 30 mm. × 12 mm. wide, pinnately lobed, much reduced and entire above, spine-tipped, margins not spiny; Inflorescence, heads borne singly, flowers of one kind; Involucre, 10 mm.; Phyllaries, 4+ series, graduated, 3.5-10.0 mm., all spine tipped, outer and middle with marginal fringe spines; Receptacle, flat, epaleate, bristly; Disk flowers, inner bisexual, Corolla, tube 7.5 mm. + lobes 3 mm., white; Pappus, 0, or very thin ring of scales. Described from Coll. No. 1233, 20 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Large patch, determination tentative. Tom Schweich 1440. 7/26/2015. . .

Cichorium intybus L. Common Chicory. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. (Syn: Breea arvensis (L.) Lessing ) Canada Thistle. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, to 70 cm., tap-rooted; Leaves, cauline, alternate, sessile but not obviously decurrent, 85 mm. × 20 mm. wide, margin sinuate, spiny, adaxial thinly tomentose, abaxial tomentose; Inflorescence, panicle(?); Heads, many, 30±, 15 mm. × 8 mm. dia., disk flowers only, dioecious, staminate heads, pappus < corolla, pistillate heads, pappus > corolla; Phyllaries, many (6-7) series, outer 3 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide, inner 15 mm. × 1 mm. wide, dark dorsal ridge, tips, spinulose, reflexed; Receptacle, soft bristles, 10 mm.; Pappus, plumose bristles (Described from Coll. No. 1512, 24 July 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Mixed grasses and forbs, just below the ponderosa pine zone. Lightly grazed in 2016. Colorado Noxious Weed List B. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 80 m. northwest; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1512. 24 Jul 2016. ( CDA0050044^‡ EIU028176^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00063469^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 miles north on Plainview Road, then 450 meters east northeast to the original homestead location. Tom Schweich 1685. 28 Jun 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065409^‡ ) Small colony, approx. 3 m. dia. Tom Schweich 1952. 6/23/2020. Small colony, approx. 4 m. dia. Tom Schweich 1953. 6/23/2020. . .

Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. Wavy Leaved Thistle. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial thistle, to 30 cm., stout tap root; Stem, leafy, 20 cm.; Leaves, basal and cauline, basal, petiole 25 mm. + blade 180 mm. × 55 mm. wide, oblanceolate, pinnately lobed more than half-way to mid-rib, cauline, reduced above, decurrent 5 mm., 45 mm. × 14 mm. wide, lanceolate, surface, adaxial, thinly tomentose, abaxial, tomentose, margins, spiny; Head, 35 mm. × 40 mm. wide, indented around top of peduncle; Phyllaries, many (7?) series, 13 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, + robust spine 5-6 mm., body dark dorsal ridge, outer and middle reflexed; Flowers, 1 kind; Disk flowers, 25-36 mm., corolla pink-purple; Pappus, plumose bristles; Cypsela, 5 mm., apical collar unremarkable. (Described from Coll. No. 1460, 27 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Mixed grasses and forbs on a dry alluvial terrace. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.3 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 195 m. east along the north side of an ephemeral stream; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1460. 27 Jun 2016. ( EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063456^‡ ) Scattered on a terrace above ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 450 m. east along the north side of an ephemeral stream, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2377. 23 Jun 2020. ( CAS CDA0053759^‡ COLO2434405^‡ UC ) . .

Dieteria bigelovii (A. Gray) D. R. Morgan & R. L. Hartman. (Syn: Machaeranthera b. (A. Gray) Greene , Machaeranthera varians Greene ) Bigelow's Tansy Aster. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 60 cm.; Stem erect, stipitate-glandular, more dense above; Leaves, basal, unknown, cauline, alternate, sessile, 50 mm. × 4-5 mm. wide, reduced above, lance-linear, spinulose toothed; Inflorescence, panicle, heads borne singly on pedicels 10-20 mm.; Involucre, 8 mm. × 12 mm. wide; Phyllaries, 5+ series, imbricate, chartaceous below, green and stipitate-glandular above, tips, acuminate, reflexed; Receptacle, epaleate; Flowers of 2 kinds; Rays, fertile, corolla, tube 4.5 mm. + laminae 10 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide, spatulate, blue; Disk flowers, corolla, 6 mm., yellow; Pappus, capillary bristles, 6 mm.; Cypsela, 3 mm., hairy. Described from Coll. No. 1299, 23 Sep 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Resprouting laterally after having been eaten. Bank below Plainview Road, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.8 mi. north on Plainview Road; 16.0 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1565. 28 Sep 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00066686^‡ ) . .

Erigeron L. — Fleabane; Daisy

1a. Leaves 1-4 times ternately or palmately dissected into linear segments; plants with a stout, branching caudex � E. compositus

1b. Leaves entire or coarsely toothed, sometimes with a few leaves 3-lobed to pinnatifid, mostly basal or not � 2

2a. Pappus of the ray and disk flowers unlike, that of the disk flowers of long bristles and short outer setae, that of the ray flowers only of short setae and lacking long bristles; heads small (the involucre 2-5 mm. high and 5-12 mm. wide), several to numerous in an open wide-branching corymbiform cluster; rays white � E. strigosus var. strigosus

2b. Pappus of the ray and disk flowers alike; heads and rays various, usually not in an open, wide-branching corymbiform cluster � 3

3a. Stems with appressed or ascending hairs (at above the middle), not glandular; at least some branches from the lower half of the main stems developing into long, trailing leafy stoloniferous branches � E. flagellaris

3b. Stems with spreading or tangled (pointing in all directions) hairs or mostly glandular; branches developing into stoloniferous branches or not � 4

4a. Leaves more or less densely glandular, or occasionally obscurely so and the leaves stiffly ciliate, mostly or all basal with a few linear linear, reduced stem leaves present; stems glandular and also hirsute with spreading hairs (or at least above); rays usually purple or blue � E. vetensis

4b. Leaves variously hairy to glabrate, if glandular then only the upper stem leaves glandular; stems variously hairy to glabrate, or sometimes glandular or viscid under the heads; rays various � 5

5a. Leaves and stems densely pubescent with spreading, hirsute hairs mostly 1 mm. long, especially on the petioles, leaves mostly less than 3 mm. wide; heads more or less hemispheric; rays only white; outer pappus of inconspicuous bristles � E. pumilis

5b. Leaves and stems unlike the above in all respects; heads and rays various � 6

6a. Branches from the lower half of the main stems often developing into long, trailing leafy stoloniferous branches; basal leaves usually present at flowering time � E. tracyi

6b. Stems usually erect and without leafy stoloniferous branches, often branched above the middle; basal leaves usually withered and not present at flowering time � E. divergens

Key abstracted mostly from Ackerfield (2015).

Erigeron flagellaris A. Gray. Trailing Fleabane. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 5-6 cm., with scapose inflorescence to 9 cm., spreading by leafy stoloniferous branches; Leaves, basal and cauline, entire, basal, linear-oblanceolate, 35 mm. × 2.5 mm., cauline, linear, 13 mm. × 1.5 mm.; Inflorescence, single heads on scape to 8 cm.; Receptacle epaleate; Phyllaries, 2+series, ±equal, 4 mm., hairy abaxially, ascending multicellular hairs with clear crosswalls, glandular between hairs; Flowers of 2 kinds; Pappus of bristles, 2 mm., + short scales, that of ray and disc flowers alike; Rays, #±80, corolla white, fading lilac, 8 mm. × 0.5 mm.; Disc flowers, corolla yellow, lobes triangular; Achene, short hairy. (Described from Coll. No. 1116, 28 May 2015).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Not common in Jefferson County, but with several other nearby collections, e.g., from Rocky Flats and around the mouth of Coal Creek Canyon. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 65 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1116. 28 May 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD56969^‡ UC UCR265987^‡ ) Along old road in the direction of the original homestead. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.3 miles north on Plainview Road, then 20 meters east into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1679. 28 Jun 2017. ( CDA0050014^‡ EIU029806^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00065481^‡ OBI124849^‡ ) Small patch, inflorescence dried up, in a sea of Rosa sp. Tom Schweich 1954. 6/23/2020. . .

Erigeron tracyi Greene. (Syn: E. cinereus A. Gray , E. colomexicanus A. Nelson , E. divergens Torrey & A. Gray var. cinereus A. Gray ) Running Fleabane. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, 20-25 cm., caudex simple (not stout) non-rhizomatous, hairy throughout, with hairs 0.2-0.4 mm. spreading in all directions, glandular at high magnification; Stem, some with prior year's branches assumed to have been stoloniferous; Leaves, basal and cauline, basal, petiole, to 26 mm. + blade oblanceolate 8-12-20 mm. × 2-4-5.5 mm. wide, short hairy and glandular (especially visible at high magnification), margin entire, tip acute, some withered at flowering time, cauline, ±sessile, reduced or not well-developed above, but up to 32 mm. × 1.8 mm. wide; Peduncle, spreading to descending multicellular hairs with clear crosswalls, slightly pustular (maybe) or glandular at high magnification; Phyllaries, in 2+ ±equal series, but not distinctly imbricate, 3-4.5 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, lanceolate, green center, light margins, spreading hairy; Receptacle epaleate; Flowers, 2 kinds; Ray flowers, cypsela 0.5 mm. + tube 2 mm. + ligule 4 mm. × 0.3-0.6 mm. wide = 6.5-7 mm. × 0.8 mm. wide, fertile, tip rounded, white & pink fading purple; Disk flowers, yellow; Pappus, ray and disk alike, inner, few capillary bristles, 4 mm., outer, short crown of scales, double pappus not particularly disgnostic in Erigeron. The most common form of E. tracyi is perhaps (speculative) a stabilized, apomictic hybrid between E. flagellaris and E. divergens (FNANM). Described from Coll. No. 1133, 9 Jun 2015 and Coll. No. 1337, 11 May 2016.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Observed on CoNPS field trip, coordinates approximate. Tom Schweich 1665. 6/10/2018. . .

Erigeron vetensis Rydb. Early Bluetop Fleabane. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 12 cm., sparse multicellular hairs with clear crosswalls to 0.8 mm., plus very small (<0.1 mm.) peg-like glands, throughout; Leaves, basal, petiole 45 mm. + blade 65 mm. × 5 mm. wide, narrowly oblanceolate, cauline, reduced in size, #4-5, sessile, 15 mm. × 2.1 mm. wide, oblanceolate; Inflorescence, scapose, 21 cm.; Heads, mostly borne singly; Involucre, 5 mm. × 11 mm. wide; Phyllaries, subequal, in 2 rows, 5 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, margins not ciliate, tip acuminate; Flowers of 2 kinds, Ray flowers, fertile, corolla, 11 mm. × 1.6 mm. wide, ±white, fading blue; Disk flowers, corolla, 4.0 mm., yellow, lobes triangular, style branch appendages triangular; Pappus, short (0.3 mm.) and long (2.2 mm.) capillary bristles; Cypsela, 1.5-1.6 mm. (Described from Coll. No. 1421, 10 Jun 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Small ridge between two drainages, grasses and a few ponderosa pines. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.8 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 300 m. southwest upslope.15.8 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1421. 10 Jun 2016. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00063991^‡ OBI83311^‡ UC UCR277989^‡ ) . .

Gaillardia aristata Pursh. Blanketflower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm.; Leaves, alternate, entire to toothed; Inflorescence, single heads on peduncles 13-18 cm., flowers of 2 kinds; Phyllaries, 2+ series, 17 mm. × 2.7 mm. wide, lance-linear; Receptacle, epaleate, setae, to 10 mm.; Rays, sterile, corolla, 21 mm. × 10 mm. wide, yellow, deeply 3-lobed; Disk flowers, corolla, 7 mm., purple; Pappus of 6+ aristate scales, 4 mm., awn 2×> body. Described from Coll. No. 1205, 12 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Mostly grasses and forbs; collected with Rosa arkansana and Crataegus succulenta. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 200 m. east along the south side of an ephemeral stream; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1454. 27 Jun 2016. ( CAS EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063470^‡ ) . .

Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal. Curlycup Gumweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Scattered throughout this field. Tom Schweich 1441. 7/29/2015. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 35 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1765. 1 Sep 2017. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00065168^‡ ) . .

Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britton & Rusby. (Syn: G. linearifolia Lag. ) Broom Snakeweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, tap-rooted, to 9 cm.; Leaves, alternate, linear, 20 mm. × 1 mm. mm. wide, dotted with embedded oil glands, very few short hairs; Peduncle, 0.5-1.5 mm.; Inflorescence, some flowers with strap-shaped corollas, flowers of two kinds in same heads, Involucre, 3.5 mm. × 2.5-3.0 mm. wide, obconic, not gummy; Phyllary, 2-3 unequal series, inner folded around ovary of ray flowers, dotted with embedded oil glands, tips appressed; Receptacle, epaleate; Rays, #5, yellow; Disk, #4; Pappus, a well-developed crown of scales on both ray and disk flowers; (Described from Coll. No. 144, 3 Oct 1997: keys easily to Gutierrezia sarothrae. However, inner phyllaries are folded around ovary of ray flowers, a character not mentioned in keys or description.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Steep south-facing slope, with a prairie rose, blue grama, and artemisia. High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 105 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1289. 9 Sep 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062159^‡ OBI83228^‡ UC UCR267486^‡ ) . .

Helianthus pauciflorus Nutt. ssp. subrhomboideus (Rydb.) O. Spring & E. Schilling. (Syn: Helianthus rigidus (Cass.) Desf. ssp. subrhomboideus (Rydb.) Heiser , Helianthus subrhomboideus Rydb. ) Stiff Sunflower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

[Description pending verification of determination for Coll. No. 1260. -- 27 Dec 2015] Perennial from rhizomes (not a tap-rooted annual), to 1 mm.; Leaves, cauline, opposite, 135 mm. × 32 mm. wide, rhomboid, margin, straight, short-toothed, green, not glaucus, adaxial scabrous-hispid, abaxial scabrous; Inflorescence, solitary heads on long peduncles; Peduncle, 25 cm.; Phyllaries in 3+ imbricate series, all similar, 8-9 mm. × 4 mm. wide, ovo-lanceolate, margin, ciliate, tips, erect; Receptacle, hemispheric, paleate; Paleae, 8 mm., ciliate distally; Rays, sterile, pappus, 2 scales 2.5 mm., corolla, 24 mm. × 6 mm. wide, yellow; Disk flowers, fertile, pappus, crown of scales with 2 elongated to 4 mm., corolla, 5 mm., yellow to dark red distally; cypsela, 3.3 mm., compressed quadrangular. Described from Coll. No. 1260, 26 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 436 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1260. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00061672^‡ UCR267469^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 194 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1267. 29 Jul 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062160^‡ OBI83238^‡ UC ) Wet, almost swampy, area on the south side of an intermittent stream. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road, from CO Highway 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 400 m. east of Plainview road, 15.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1557. 3 Sep 2016. ( COLO02348290^‡ CS ) Tom Schweich 1573. 6/19/2017. Tom Schweich 1578. 7/28/2017. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 385 meters west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1716. 28 Jul 2017. ( CDA0052325^‡ EIU UCR 289261^‡ ) Low, wet area. Also collected here: Solidago rigida var. humilis, nearby: Lactuca serriola, Sonchus asper, and Sporobolus heterolepis. High plains above Rocky Flats, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 125 m. west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 2199. 27 Aug 2019. ( CAS OBI186023^‡ REGIS UC ) Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3364. 30 Aug 2024. ( Undist. ) Open fields with Bromus inermis and Artemisia ludoviciana; also seen or collected nearby Solidago rigida var. humilis, Opuntia fragilis, and Sisyrinchium montanum. Near the southern edge of Ranson/Edwards, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, then 0.9 mi generally north in Plainview Road, then 110 m. northwest into the field, 14.8 km. north of Golden Tom Schweich, with Sofia Albaladejo and Nico Albaladejo 3359. 10 Aug 2024. ( Undist. ) . .

Helianthus pumilus Nutt. Little Sunflower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm.; Leaves, cauline, alternate, occasionally opposite, then bases conjoined, simple, petiole 7-10 mm. + blade 55-86 mm. × 22-30 mm. wide, lanceolate, flat (not folded), margin, entire to lightly toothed, adaxial, pustular strigose, hairs multicellular, crosswalls clear, abaxial, glandular and strigose; Inflorescence, heads single to few on leafy stems, peduncles to 8-10 cm., hairy, glandular; Involucre, 9 mm. × 16 mm. wide; Phyllaries in 2+ series, similar, 6-10 mm. × 2.0-3.5(4) mm. wide, greene erect, ovate, strigose abaxially, margins ciliate, tip acuminate, not as “stiff” or “tough” as those of Coll. No. 1199; Receptacle, slightly convex, paleate; Disk, 17 mm. wide; Palea, 9 mm., tip, glandular, hairy distally; Flowers, 2 kinds; Ray flowers, sterile, #10-12, corolla, 17-25 mm. × (4)6-9 mm. wide, yellow; Disk flowers, corolla, 4-6 mm., yellow, lobes, #5, 1 mm., yellow, anther appendages reddish-brown; Pappus of few long (2.5-4 mm.) aristate scales; Cypsela, 3.5 mm. × 1.4 mm. wide, quadrangular,not laterally compressed black. Described from Coll. No. 1210, 1426, and 1704.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1575. 6/29/2017. Sunflower, long coarse hairs, a few disc flowers have reddish lobes. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 360 meters west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1715. 28 Jul 2017. ( EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00065332^‡ ) Also collected here: Eriogonum alatum. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 150 m. southwest onto a slightly dryer ridge above the road, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1973. 13 Jul 2018. ( COLO02347623^‡ CS REGIS ) . .

Heliomeris multiflora Nutt. var. multiflora. Showy Golden Eye. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Edge of an emphemeral stream, with Lsyimachia ciliata, Mentha arvensis, and Lycopus americanus. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.1 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 725 m. west to an ephemeral stream, 19.7 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2210. 27 Aug 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00074463^‡ OBI183231^‡ UCR ) . .

Heterotheca foliosa (Nutt.) Shinners. (Syn: Heterotheca villosa (Pursh) Shinners var. foliosa (Nutt.) V.L. Harms ) Hairy False Goldenaster. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 40 cm.; Stem, spreading hairy, glandular; Leaves, cauline, alternate, 33 mm. × 9 mm. wide, oblong, margin entire, tip acute, appressed hairy; Peduncle, 15 mm.; Bracts, leafy, 10-16 mm. × 2.5 mm., lanceolate, some exceeding heads by 4-7 mm.; Involucre, 9 mm. × 14 mm. wide; Phyllaries, in 4+ graduated series, 4-9 mm. × 1 mm. wide, lanceolate, slightly keeled proximally, mostly green, abaxial surface glandular and hairy, margin hairy; Receptacle, epaleate, short (0.5 mm.) scales; Flowers, 2 kinds; Rays, sterile, corolla, 11 mm., yellow; Disk flowers, corolla, 7 mm., yellow; Pappus, short (0.6 mm.) and long (6 mm.) bristles, ≥disk corolla; cypsela, 1.3 mm., hairy. Described from Coll. No. 1258, 26 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, North-facing slope, south of the intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 295 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1258. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062163^‡ UCR267471^‡ ) [ Treated as H. foliosa (Nutt.) Shinners by Ackerfield (2015), H. villosa (Pursh) Shinners var. foliosa (Nuttall) V. L. Harms by FNANM. H. fulcrata (Greene) Shinners misapplied. ] Area with down, burned ponderosa pines, also collected here: Ceanothus fendleri, nearby Amorpha nana, Danthonia spicata, and Sorghastrum nutans. High plains above Rocky Flats, northwest corner of Ranson/Edwards, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 2.1 mi generally north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. west. Tom Schweich, with Cindy Trujillo 2226. 10 Sep 2019. ( CAS CDA0052314^‡ REGIS UC ) . .

Heterotheca villosa (Pursh) Shinners. (Syn: H. v. (Pursh) Shinners var. nana (A. Gray) Semple , H. v. (Pursh) Shinners var. villosa ) Hairy False Goldenaster. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon. All infra-specific taxa treated here as synonyms.

Perennial herb, to 50 cm.; Leaves, cauline alternate, entire, 1-veined, distal perpendicular to stems, hairs > glands; Heads solitary, with both ray and disk flowers; Phyllaries in 2+ series, unequal, to 7 mm.; Rays, 9 mm.; Pappus double, outer narrow scales ≤ 1 mm. (easier to see on mature fruit), inner bristles, 6.5 mm., white; Fruit, disk 3 mm., hairy.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Thinly vegetated rocky alluvial terrace. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 60 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1221. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56974^‡ UC UCR267453^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 185 m. west southwest of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1293. 9 Sep 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56975^‡ UC UCR267488^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.6 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 10 m. northeast, 15.75 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1942. 14 Jun 2018. ( COLO02347599^‡ REGIS ) . .

Lactuca serriola L. Prickly Lettuce. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual herb, Stems erect, Leaves basal 0 at flowering, cauline coarsely lobed, margins prickly-toothed, Fruit beak slender, many-ribbed, ~8 adaxial, ~5 abaxial (Described from Collection No. 911, 4 Oct 2012).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Dense colony of small plants in dried wetland, with Iris missouriensis and Epilobium sp.. High plains above Rocky Flats, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 150 m. west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 2200. 27 Aug 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00070530^‡ OBI186031^‡ UCR ) . .

Liatris punctata Hook. Dotted Blazing Star. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 32 cm.; Leaves, cauline, alternate, 78 mm. × 3.5 mm. wide, gradually reduced above, linear, glandular punctate, margins, entire, revolute, sparsely hairy; Inflorescence, single heads in axils on short pedicels; Involucre, 16 mm. × 7 mm. wide, ±cylindrical; Phyllaries, in 2+ series, inbricate, 14 mm. × 3.8 mm. wide, glandular-punctate abaxially distally, margin, ciliate, scarious, tip acute; Receptacle, epaleate; Flowers, one kind; Disk flowers; Corolla, tube white 8 mm. + lobes purple 2.5 mm.; Pappus, bristles, one series, 10 mm., plumose; Cypsela, 7 mm., hairy. Described from Coll. No. 1264, 29 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Koeleria macrantha, Hesperostipa comata, Andropogon gerardii, Muhlenbergia montana, Elymus canadensis, Heterotheca villosa, Artemisia frigida, Artemisia ludoviciana, Artemisia campestris, Psoralidum tenuiflorum, Opuntia phaecantha, Grindelia squarrosa United States, Colorado, Jefferson, Take Hwy 93 north 8 miles from Golden, CO; take Hwy 72 west for 3 miles to Plainview Rd; turn right(north); drive 100 yards and park. Plants are on east side of road in large open meadow of Jeffco Open Space. Denise Wilson 25 Nov 2012. ( CHIC17892^‡ ) [ Coordinates are in Jefferson County Open Space, written location description is likely in Boulder Mountain Park and Open Space. ] High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 150 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1264. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56976^‡ UC ) . .

Madia glomerata Hook. Mountain Tarweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, More seen just east (downstream) of the reservoir. Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3366. 30 Aug 2024. ( Undist. ) . .

Packera plattensis (Nuttall) W. A. Weber & �. L�ve. (Syn: Senecio plattensis (Packera) Nutt. ) Prairie Groundsel. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, 14 cm., from taprooted caudix, sap not milky; Stem, light green, tomentose, densely so in axils; Leaves, mostly basal and few cauline, alternate, petiole 8 mm., blade 10 mm. × 5 mm. wide, oblanceolate, surface, upper thinly tomentose, lower moderately tomentose, especially the mid-vein, margin, crenulate; Inflorescence, head enclosed by involucre, showy; Heads, #10, pedicels, 12 mm.; Involucre, 7 mm. × 5-6 mm. wide, thinly tomentose; Phyllaries, equal, in 1 series, 5 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, green, flat; Receptacle, epaleate; Flowers, of 2 kinds; Ray flowers, #10, tube 3 mm. + blade 7 mm., yellow, fertile; Disc flowers, many, tube 4 mm. + lobes 0.5 mm., yellow; Pappus, many, well-developed, bristles, 4 mm., ±equal, Style, 2-branched; Fruit, 1 mm., green, beak-less, glabrous. (Described from Coll. No. 1817, 12 May 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Drier southeast-facing slope. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 60 m. east into field. Tom Schweich 1914. 3 Jun 2018. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00068680^‡ UC ) . .

Pseudognaphalium macounii (Greene) Kartesz. Macoun�s Rabbit-Tobacco. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual (?) to 45 cm.; Leaves, cauline, alternate, 40 mm. × 4 mm. wide, decurrent, lance-linear, entire, stalked glandular, tomentose abaxially; Inflorescence, branched axial and terminal; Heads in tight clusters, disciform; Involucre, 4 mm.; Receptacle, epaleate; Phyllaries in 4+ series, hyaline; Pappus, bristles. Described from Coll. No. 1257, 26 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Gentle south-facing slope away from intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 260 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1257. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56977^‡ UCR267470^‡ ) . .

Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl. (Syn: Rudbeckia columnifera Nutt. ) Upright Prairie Coneflower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 50 cm., tap-rooted; Leaves, cauline, to 11 cm. × 3 cm. wide, 1-pinnate, pinnae to 39 mm. × 4 mm. wide, some toothed; Inflorescence, single heads per stem, >> leaves; Involucre, 14 mm. diameter; Phyllaries, 1 series, lanceolate, hairy abaxially; Receptacle, cylindric, paleate; Rays, #5, 17 mm., × 13 mm. wide, elliptic-ovate, sterile, corolla yellow; Disk, cylindric, 20-45 mm. × 9-12 mm. wide; Palea, folded around but not enclosing disk flowers; Disk flowers, many, corolla greenish-yellow; Pappus, short crown of scales; Fruit, compressed, but maybe not strongly, ciliate adaxially(!). Described from Coll. No. 1198, 12 July 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Hillside on highest prairie just below ponderosa pine woodland. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 300 m. northeast, almost to the boundary fence; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1514. 24 Jul 2016. ( EIU028460^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00063459^‡ OBI83334^‡ UC ) . .

Senecio integerrimus Nutt. Columbia Ragwort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon. Probably var. exaltatus (Nutt.) Cronquist if infraspecific names are to be applied.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Moderate north slope, deep grass with Astragalus agrestis. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 300 m. northeast to the general vicinity of the old homestead, about 15.8 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1831. 17 May 2018. ( COLO02347607^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00068674^‡ UCR ^‡ ) . .

Senecio spartioides Torr. & A. Gray. (Syn: S. multicapitatus Greenm. ex Rydb. ) Broomlike Ragwort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 50 cm.; Leaves, basal, unknown, cauline, alternate, 90 mm. × 3 mm. wide, narrowly oblanceolate, reduced above to 30 mm. × 1 mm. wide, variously hairy in axils and ±lower surface; Involucre, 12.5 mm. × 6 mm., narrowly campanulate, bractlets not prominent; Phyllaries, 2 series? or 1 series with 2 forms? outer, 7.5 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, all green, inner, 7.5 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, centrally green with margins chartaceous, all tips dark; Receptacle, epaleate; Rays, fertile, corolla, tube 5 mm. + blade 9 mm. × 2 mm. wide, yellow, lobes 3; Disk flowers, corolla, 6 mm., yellow; Pappus, 1 series of fine capillary bristles, 5 mm.; Cypsela, 4 mm., 5-angled, dark gray, “hirtellous” throughout (not just the angles). Described from Coll. No. 1298, 23 Sep 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Not often seen at Ranson/Edwards; these growing among grasses and fallen, burned ponderosa pines. Northwest corner of the Ranson/Edwards parcel, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 2.3 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 40 m. west, 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1564. 8 Sep 2016. ( COLO02348431^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00063994^‡ UC ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.1 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 925 m. west on a small ridge, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2209. 27 Aug 2019. ( OBI186025^‡ REGIS ) . .

Solidago L. - Goldenrod

Perennial herbs; leaves alternate, simple; heads radiate; involucre bracts imbricate in several series or not much imbricate, more or less chartaceous at the base with green tips; receptacle naked; disk flowers yellow; ray flowers white; pappus of capillary bristles; achenes subterete or angled, short-pubescent to glabrous. (Croat, 1972; Nesom, 1993, 1999; Taylor &Taylor 1983; 1984)

1a. Involucre bracts with 3-5 parallel veins; heads in a flat-topped corymbiform inflorescence; plants densely pubescent with short, spreading hairs; leaves uninerved, elliptic-oblong to broadly ovate, Clear Creek Canyon, Ranson/Edwards ... S. rigida var. humilis

1b. Involucre bracts without parallel veins; heads in a paniculate or thyrsiform inflorescence; plants variously pubescent but usually not densely so with short, spreading hairs; leaves often trinerved, variously shaped ... 2

2a. Leaves glabrous or with ciliate leaf margins; stems glabrous or occasionally minutely hairy above or in the inflorescence... 3

2b. Leaves puberulent to hirsute (at least below), the margins ciliate or not; stems evenly short-hairy to hirsute, sometimes glabrate toward the base ... 6

3a. Leaves mostly 3-nerved (the middle nerve the strongest with 2 fainter lateral nerves from the leaf base, sometimes just the upper uninerved), narrowly elliptic to lanceolate or broadly linear ... 4

3b. Leaves uninerved, at least the lower oblanceolate to obovate or ovate to broadly lanceolate ... 5

4a. Leaf margins sharply serrate for at least 1/2 the length of the leaf; plants (5) 10-15 dm or more tall; achenes short-hairy, Wet soil Apex Gulch ... S. gigantea

4b. Leaf margins entire or (especially those of the lower leaves) remotely toothed (on the upper 1/3 of the leaf or less), rarely toothed for 1/2 of the margin or more; plants generally shorter, 1.5-9 dm; achenes glabrous or occasionally sparsely hairy, commonly collected around Golden, Ranson/Edwards ... S. missouriensis

5a. Lower and basal leaves oblanceolate to spatulate or obovate; disk flowers 8-17 (25); achenes hairy, Apex Gl., Lookout Mtn ... S. simplex var. simplex

5b. Lower and basal leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate or oblong; disk flowers usually 4 or 5 but rarely up to 11; achenes glabrous, North Table(?), Ranson/Edwards ... S. speciosa var. pallida

6a. Basal leaves well-developed and present at flowering time, the stem leaves smaller than the basal and progre reduced in size upward (note that specimens collected late in the season may have withered basal leaves) ... 7

6b. Leaves mainly all cauline without well-developed basal leaves present at flowering time, these not greatly reduced in size upward ... 8

7a. Disk flowers 8-20, greater than the number of ray flowers, commonly collected around Golden, Ranson/Edwards ... S. nana

7b. Disk flowers 3-6 (9), fewer than or equal to the number of ray flowers, Lookout Mountain ... S. nemoralis var. decemflora

8a. Leaves 1-nerved or rarely obscurely 3-nerved, the margins mostly entire; involucre bracts not viscid with granular or minutely stipitate glands ... S. nemoralis var. decemflora

8b. Leaves 3-nerved, rarely obscurely so, the margins serrate to irregularly toothed (at least remotely so); most leaves sharply serrate for 1/2 of the margin or more, linear-lanceolate to lanceolate; ray flowers mostly 13, ranging from (5) 10-18, cultivated, South Table ... S. canadensis

Abstracted from Ackerfield (2015) for taxa found in Golden and vicinity.

Solidago gigantea Aiton. Giant Goldenrod. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, 60 cm. (growing on a steep stream bank); Stem, glabrous, becoming hairy in the inflorescence; Leaves, basal unknown, cauline, alternate, petiole, 5 mm. or subsessile, blade, 90 mm. × 15 mm. wide, distally reduced in size but abundant, lanceolate-elliptic, entire, ciliate with small curved hairs, distally widely-spaced serrate; Inflorescence, pyramidal, paniculate, ±secund; Peduncles, 3-5 mm.; Involucre, 3 mm. × 4 mm. wide, spheric(?), lightly glandular; Phyllaries, unequal, 2+ series, lower <rest of involucre, green to chartaceous, margins flat; Receptacle, very short scales(?), definitely not flat; Flowers, of 2 kinds; Rays, #11, tube 2 mm. + blade 1.5 mm. × 0.3 mm. wide, yellow, fertile; Disk flowers, #7 tube 2.8 mm. + lobes 0.9 mm., throat expanding gradually, yellow, open, bisexual; Pappus, bristles, 2.8 mm., equal; Stamens, not tailed; Style, 2-branched, ±brushlike appendages; Stigma, 0.5 mm., >style appendages (0.4 mm.); Fruit, 1 mm., hairy, beak-less (Described from Coll. No. 2422, 17 Aug 2020).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In deep grassland with few ponderosa pines, also collected nearby: Antennaria rosea, Townsendia hookeri, Noccaea fendleri, and Frasera speciosa, High plains above Rocky Flats, northwest corner of Ranson/Edwards, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 2.1 mi generally north on Plainview Road, then 200 m. west. Tom Schweich 2227. 10 Sep 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00074456^‡ ) . .

Solidago missouriensis Nutt. Missouri Goldenrod. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 35-40 cm., generally glabrous throughout; Leaves, basal, unknown, cauline, alternate, petiole 10-45 cm. + blade 100 mm. × 21-22 mm. wide, reduced above, oblanceolate, margin, sparsely scabrous proximally, serrate distally, glabrous, prominently 3(5)-nerved; Inflorescence, crowded panicle; Pedicels, 1 mm.; Bracts, #2, 1.8 mm.; Involucre, 3.0-4.5 mm. × 3-5 mm. wide, obconic; Phyllaries, 2+ series, 2.2-3.5 mm. × 1 mm. wide, graduated, green, margin chartaceous, veins 1; Receptacle, epaleate, conic; Flowers, 2 kinds; Rays, #12, fertile, tube 2 mm. + blade 2.2 mm., yellow; Disk flower, #12, tube 2.8 mm. + lobes 0.7 mm. = 3.5 mm., yellow; Pappus, capillary bristles, 3.0 mm.; Cypsela, 0.4-0.6 mm., glabrous-sparsely hairy. Described from Coll. No. 1255, 26 Jul 2015, and Coll. No. 1519, 29 Jul 2016. Distinguished in part by its glabrous characters and presence of 3 prominent nerves on leaves. Jepson eFlora notes that S. missouriensis Nutt. Is misapplied to S. spectabilis (D. C. Eaton) A. Gray. FNANM states that, in the west, it can be similar to smaller plants of S. spectabilis (13 Sep 2014).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 212 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1255. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56978^‡ ) Same as Coll. No. 1255, but of shorter stature, perhaps because of distance from intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 240 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1256. 26 Jul 2015. ( CAS UC UCR267468^‡ ) . .

Solidago mollis Bartl. Velvety Goldenrod. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Symphyotrichum ericoides, Rosa arkansana, Phleum pratense near fence Tom Schweich 3363. 23 Aug 2024. ( Undist. ) Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3735. 6/28/2024. . .

Solidago nana Nutt. Baby Goldenrod. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm., short white hairy throughout; Leaves, basal, withered (late in season), cauline, alternate, 95 mm. × 9-10 mm. wide (includes 15 mm. winged petiole? below) veins, 1 (others discontinuous), margin hairs similar to surface hairs, i.e., not ciliate, gradually reduced and sessile above; Inflorescence, heads numerous and small, involucre, 5.5 mm.; Phyllaries, 3-4 series, imbricate, graduated, 3-4 mm., veins 1; Receptacle, epaleate, (scales? to 0.5 mm.); Flowers of 2 kinds; Rays, few (3-4), fertile? (stigma visible but cypsela not as developed as those of disk flowers), corolla, 6 mm., yellow; Disk flowers, few (6-8), corolla, 4 mm., yellow; Pappus, capillary bristles; Cypsela, 1.5 mm., short hairy. Described from Coll. No. 1292, 9 Sep 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Few plants, or maybe one plant, few flowering stems, northwest side of ponderosa pine. High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 175 m. west southwest of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1292. 9 Sep 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56981^‡ ) Also observed/collected nearby: Toxicodendron rydbergii and Artemisia campestris. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.1 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 480 m. on a small ridge, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2205. 27 Aug 2019. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00074285^‡ OBI186027^‡ ) . .

Solidago rigida L. var. humilis Porter. Stiff Goldenrod. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Herbaceous perennial, to 70 cm., apparently reproducing in part by offsets (“caudices branching”), short spreading hairy throughout; Leaves, basal and cauline, basal, #3-8, petiole, 15 cm., blade, 12.5 cm. × 6 cm. wide, ovate, entire, withered at flowering, cauline, alternate, sessile, 60 mm. × 27 mm. wide, ovate, entire, reduced above; Inflorescence, cymose, heads borne singly on short pedicels; Phyllaries, 2+ series, graduated, largest, 4.5 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, tip obtuse, veins 3, ciliate distally; Receptacle, convex, epaleate; Flowers of 2 kinds; Rays, fertile, corolla, 5.5 mm. × 0.8 mm. wide, yellow; Disk flowers, corolla, 5 mm., yellow; Pappus, bristles, 1 series; Cypsela, 1 mm., glabrous. Described from Coll. No. 1280, 28 August 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Small terrace near an intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 435 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1280. 28 Aug 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD56982^‡ UC UCR267479^‡ ) Wet, almost swampy, area on the south side of an intermittent stream. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road, from CO Highway 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 400 m. east of Plainview road, 15.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1556. 3 Sep 2016. ( CS OBI83373^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 270 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1769. 1 Sep 2017. ( CDA0052334^‡ COLO02348118^‡ EIU029808^‡ ) Low, wet area. Also collected here: Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus, nearby: Lactuca serriola, Sonchus asper, and Sporobolus heterolepis. High plains above Rocky Flats, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 130 m. west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 2198. 27 Aug 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00070563^‡ OBI183229^‡ REGIS UCR ) . .

Solidago speciosa Nutt. var. pallida Porter. Pale Showy Goldenrod. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, 50-55 cm., new rosette growing from caudex while flowering from adjacent stem; Stem, glabrous, reddish; Leaves, new rosette of basal leaves, petiole 38-55 mm., blade 80 mm. × 25 mm. wide, pinnately veined, glabrous, margin minutely ciliate, basal leaves of flowering stem, withered, cauline leaves, reduced, not clasping, short petioled 18-0 mm. distally, glabrate, turning reddish, margin ciliate; Inflorescence, panicle-like (only 1° and 2° branches), minutely glandular among heads; Heads, many, 6 mm. × 2.3 mm. wide; Peduncles, 2 mm.; Involucre, 3.5 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide; Phyllaries, 3+ graduated series, 1.7-3.0 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, vein, 1, tip, obtuse, ciliate; Receptacle, epaleate; Flowers, 2 kinds; Rays, few (#2), tube 2 mm. + blade 2 mm., yellow, fertile; Disc flowers, #10-12, tube 3 mm. + lobes 1 mm., yellow; Pappus, bristles, 3 mm.; Cypsela, 1 mm., glabrous (sparse small hairs). Described from Coll. No. 1768, 1 Sep 2017.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 260 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1768. 1 Sep 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065170^‡ ) . .

Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Spiny Sowthistle. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Symphyotrichum ericoides (Linnaeus) G. L. Nesom. (Syn: Virgulus ericoides (Linnaeus) Reveal & Keener ) White Heath Aster. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, woody at base, stems ascending, to 40 cm., spreading vegetatively, short hairy and minutely glandular throughout; Leaves, alternate, sessile, narrowly lanceolate or oblong, 7-9 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide, entire, strigose, tip, small white spine; Heads, borne singly along stem, occasionally 2 per stem, on leafy pedicels; Flowers, of 2 kinds; Involucre, 4 mm. × 5 mm. wide, bell-shaped; Phyllaries, 2+ series, 3-4 mm. × 0.7-0.8 mm. wide, white below with 1 brown or green vein, rhomboid green above, tip with very small spine; Receptacle, epaleate; Rays, corolla, white, tube 2 mm + ligule 5.0-6.5 mm., fertile; Disc flowers, corolla, yellow, tube 3.5 mm. + lobes 0.5 mm., (some?) lobes reddish; Pappus, bristles, fine, barbelate, 4 mm.; Cypsela, 1 mm. (Described from Coll. No. 1558, 3 September 2016 and Coll. No. 1743.5, 23 August 2017).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, 1.1 miles north on Plainview Road from CO State Highway 72, then 400 m. east, to a damp area where an old ranch road first crosses an ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1558. 3 Sep 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063996^‡ OBI83372^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 210 meters southwest on the slope above the road and near a small group of Ponderosa pines. Tom Schweich 1771. 1 Sep 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065402^‡ ) . .

Symphyotrichum laeve (L.) �. L�ve & D. L�ve. Smooth Blue Aster. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 70 cm., rhizomatous or rooting at nodes; Leaves, alternate, cauline, linear, 120 mm. × 8 mm. wide, reduced and more lanceolate above, glabrous, margin very shallowly toothed and lightly ciliate, entire above; Inflorescence, panicle with 1� and 2� branches; Heads borne singly on 10-15 mm. pedicels, 8 mm. × 10 mm. wide; Phyllaries in 3+ graduated series, 3-10 mm. margins white to tips diamond-shaped green, all tips acute, few hairs; Receptacle epaleate; Flowers of 2 kinds; Ray flowers, fertile, tube green 3.5 mm. + blade blue 9.5 mm. × 1.5 mm, spatulate-oblanceolate; Disk flowers, outer reddish-purple, inner yellow, corolla, 6.5 mm.; Pappus, bristles, 5 mm.; Cypsela, 3 mm × 1.2 mm. wide, glabrous, veins, 4, prominent. Described from Coll. No. 1278, 20 August 2015. Only var. geyeri is recognized in Colorado per Weber & Wittmann (2012) and Ackerfield (2015). However, the green apical zones of these phyllaries are more diamond-shaped than lanceolate suggesting var. laeve, especially if the phyllaries are described as strongly unequal. The possibility that these plants should be assigned to var. laeve or that var. geyeri should be considered a synonym of var. laeve is discussed in FNANM.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Northeast slope, with Gentiana, Monardella, and a mat-forming Asteraceae. Ambiguous as to variety name, as also noted on Coll. No. 1278. High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 175 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1291. 9 Sep 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD56984^‡ OBI83235^‡ UC UCR267487^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.7 km north northeast of Golden, 2.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 250 m. northwest of Plainview Road on a social trail. Tom Schweich, with Sofia Albaladejo 1278. 20 Aug 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062149^‡ UC UCR267476^‡ ) . .

Symphyotrichum porteri (A. Gray) G.L. Nesom. (Syn: Aster porteri A. Gray ) Smooth White Aster. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 35 cm., eglandular, generally not hairy; Stem ascending; Leaves, cauline, alternate, sessile, 53 mm. × 3 mm. wide, lance-linear, many rolled, tip pointed, maybe spinulose, generally glabrous except some distal margins; Inflorescence, crowded, ±flat-topped; Heads borne simgly on short pedicels; Involucre, 5 mm. × 8 mm. wide; Phyllaries, 2+series, 3.5 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, ±equal, inner ≥ outer, mid-vein green, margins white proximally, green distally, tip acute; Receptacle, epaleate, convex (if not conic); Flowers of two kinds; Rays, fertile, corolla, 6.5 mm., white; Disk flowers, corolla, 3.0 mm., yellow; Pappus, bristles, barbed, single, 2.5 mm.; Cypsela, 0.7 mm., sparsely hairy. Described from Coll. No. 1266, 29 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 163 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1266. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062150^‡ UC ) Sparse ponderosa pine forest. High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.7 km north northeast of Golden, 2.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 250 m. northwest of Plainview Road on a social trail. Tom Schweich 1279. 20 Aug 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062152^‡ OBI83213^‡ UCR267477^‡ ) Shade of ponderosa pine. High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 125 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1290. 9 Sep 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062154^‡ OBI83233^‡ ) Growing with Coll. No. 1771, Symphyotrichum ericoides. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 210 meters southwest on the slope above the road and near a small group of Ponderosa pines. Tom Schweich 1770. 1 Sep 2017. ( CDA0052335^‡ EIU029809^‡ ) . .

Taraxacum officinale F. H. Wigg. (Syn: T. laevigatum (Willd.) DC. ) Common Dandelion. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, One of the earliest flowers in bloom, collected with Viola nuttallii. Stevens parcel immediately south of the Ranson/Edwards parcel, 115 m north of the Plainview Road bridge over Coal Creek, 14.5 km north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1314. 14 Apr 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063970^‡ ) . .

Townsendia hookeri Beaman. Hooker's Townsend Daisy. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Low growing perennial, from a woody caudex, acaulescent, to 2.5 cm.; Leaves, linear to narrowly oblanceolate, 30 mm. × 1.2 mm. wide, appressed hairy or strigose, eglandular; Peduncle, 3 mm., spreading hairy, eglandular; Heads, solitary, sessile (or apparently so), 12 mm. × disc (10)15-20 mm. wide; Phyllaries in 3+ overlapping series, 8 mm. × 1.2 mm. wide, all same length but inner phyllaries attached higher on receptacle giving impression of inner > outer, green, margin scarious and ciliate, outer hairy, tipped by a tuft of tangled cilia, inner, margins and tip ciliate, but not tangled; Receptacle epaleate, flat; Ray flowers, #25-30, fertile (pistillate), cypsela 3.3 mm., tuft of glandular hairs at base, pappus of 1 series white bristles, 4-5 mm., corolla, 10-11 mm., white to lavender; Disc flowers, bisexual, cypsela, 3.7 mm., glandular hairy, pappus 1 series white bristles, 4-6 mm., corolla, 3.8-4.5 mm., yellow, lobes dark. (Described from Coll. No. 1087, 25 Apr 2015, and Coll. No. 1304, 9 April 2016) The disc pappus sometimes being longer than the ray pappus could lead one to T. incana in Ackerfield (2015). Perhaps caulescence would be a better character, as used by Weber & Wittmann (2012).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Rocky alluvial terrace. Stevens parcel immediately south of the Ranson/Edwards parcel, 360 m northwest of the Plainview Road bridge over Coal Creek, 14.5 km north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1315. 14 Apr 2016. ( COLO02348449^‡ CS JCOS s.n. OBI83162^‡ ) In the shade of a mature ponderosa pine, gentle slope, rocky alluvial soil, 460 meters northeast of the GNIS location of Plainview, 2.2 miles generally north on Plainview Road from Colorado State Highway 72, then 70 m west. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1087. 25 Apr 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56956^‡ UC2045770^‡ ) . .

Tragopogon dubius Scop. (Syn: Tragopogon dubius Scop. ssp. major (Jacq.) Vollman ) Yellow Salsify. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Peduncle inflated distally, flowers yellow, phyllaries in 1 overlapping series, ligules 3-5 mm. shorter than phyllaries.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Dry upper banks on south side of creek. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 65 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1115. 28 May 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56968^‡ UCR266088^‡ ) . .

Xanthium strumarium L. Common Cocklebur. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, iNaturalist Observation 238327866. EDDMapS Record ID 12171045. Tom Schweich. with Cynthia Hastings 3822. 8/23/2024. .

Boraginaceae

Cynoglossum officinale L. Gypsyflower. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Also collected nearby: Lithospermum occidentale, Toxicodendron rydbergii, and Thinopyrum intermedium. Colorado Noxious Weed List B. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 365 m. east into a thicket, primarily of Prunus virginiana, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2124. 6 Jul 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00072729^‡ OBI186053^‡ REGIS ) . .

Lappula occidentalis (S. Watson) Greene var. cupulata (A. Gray) Higgins. (Syn: Lappula redowskii (Hornem.) Greene var. cupulata (A. Gray) M. E. Jones ) Crowned Stickseed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Among short grasses and forbs on a drier, gravelly alluvial ridge. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 340 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1378. 29 May 2016. ( EIU022395^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00063826^‡ ) . .

Lithospermum incisum Lehm. Narrowleaf Stoneseed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial � cleistogamic flowers present, in fruit usually with recurved pedicels. Flowers monomorphic.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains merging into Ponderosa pine woodland, 2.2 miles on Plainview Road north of CO State Highway 72, then 20 m. west of Plainview Road, 16.3 km north northwest of Golden. Tom Schweich 1124. 28 May 2015. ( KHD56964^‡ ) . .

Lithospermum multiflorum Torrey ex A. Gray. Many Flowered Stoneseed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial � cleistogamous flowers absent. Flowers heterostyled and dimorphic.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Georeference Remarks: I plotted the UTM along the section line of sections 7 and 18 at 6451 ft and increased the CV to 5 to include sections 17 and 18. RA Ranson/Edwards Park/N. of Road 72; E of Plainview. Donald L. Hazlett 10918. 9 Jun 1999. ( COLO00368647^‡ ) Adjacent to a colony of Canada thistle. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 500 m. east along a terrace on the north side of an ephemeral stream, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2376. 23 Jun 2020. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00072991^‡ UC ) . .

Lithospermum occidentale (Mack.) Weakley, Witsell & D. Estes. (Syn: Onosmodium bejariense DC. ex A. DC. var. occidentale (Mack.) B. L. Turner , Onosmodium molle Michx. ) Western Marbleseed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, One plant, in bloom, others nearby, not blooming. Tom Schweich 1616. 6/3/2018. Between two thickets of Prunus virginiana on the same break in slope. Collected nearby: Thinopyrum intermedium; observed nearby: Toxicodendron rydbergii. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 400 m. east to a small break in slope, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2125. 6 Jul 2019. ( COLO2434223^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00072750^‡ UC ) . .

Mertensia lanceolata (Pursh) DC. Prairie Bluebells. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, with spreading-ascending branches to 20 cm.; Stem, glabrous; Leaves, basal and cauline, basal, petiole 55 mm. + blade 50 mm. × 12.5 mm. wide, lanceolate, distinct lateral veins, papillate adaxially, margin, entire, appressed ciliate; cauline, sessile, 40 mm. × 4 mm. wide, without distinct lateral veins, papillate to strigose (oriented toward apex) adaxially, margin, entire, appressed ciliate; Inflorescence, panicle; Calyx, not divided to base, tube 1.5 mm. + lobes 2-3 mm.; Corolla, tube 4.0-6.5 mm. + lobes 4.5-7.5 mm., free 2.0 mm., limb 5-10 mm., deciduous, blue, small tufts or a ring of hairs near (2.2 mm.) base of throat; Stamens, #5-6, inserted, attached just below (0.5 mm.) throat/fornices; Filaments, 2.0-3.5 mm., strap-shaped, filaments ≥ anthers; Anthers, 1.8-2.3 mm., versatile, yellow; Ovary, 0.7 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, partially fused to calyx; Style, 7.0-7.5 mm., single, ±≥anthers; Stigma, simple; Fruit, #4 nutlets, 1.7 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide. (Described from Coll. Nos. 1906 & 2035.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Wet alluvial slope above Coal Creek, Stevens parcel immediately south of Ranson/Edwards parcel, 3.55 km west southwest of the GNIS location of Rocky Flats Tom Schweich 1325. 5 May 2016. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00063820^‡ ) . .

Phacelia heterophylla Pursh. Varileaf Phacelia. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Described by Pursh (1814) from a collection by M. Lewis Jun-Jul, 1806 on the banks of the Kooskooskie (Clearwater) River.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3304. 6/22/2023. . .

Plagiobothrys scouleri (Hook. & Arn.) I.M. Johnst. var. hispidulus (Greene) Dorn. (Syn: Plagiobothrys scouleri (Hook. & Arn.) I.M. Johnst. var. penicillata (Greene) L�ve ) Scouler's popcornflower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, to 10 cm., ±appressed hairy throughout; Stem, decumbent to ascending, not winged; Leaves, basal, unknown, cauline, alternate, 35 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, linear; Calyx, lobes #4, in fruit, 3 mm.; Corolla, very small, white; Style, 0.4 mm., entire; Nutlets, #4, 1.8 mm., attachment baso-lateral, tuberculed abaxially (not hooked or barbed). Treated as ssp. penicillata in Weber&Wittmann (2012), at rank of species in California (Baldwin, et al., 2012). (Described from Coll. No. 1452, 22 June 2016).

Brassicaceae

Alyssum simplex Rudolphi. (Syn: Alyssum minus Rothm. , Alyssum parviflorum Fisch. ex M.Bieb. ) European Madwort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, tap-rooted, to 12-30 cm., stellate hairy throughout (typically doubly branched and 8-pointed); Stem branched at base, ascending; Leaves basal, withered at flowering, appear compound, cauline, alternate, 14-28 mm. × 3.5-5.0 mm., oblanceolate, margin entire, tip acute, sessile or vaguely short-petioled; Inflorescence not bracted; Pedicels, in fruit, 4.5 mm.; Sepals, 4, 2 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, deciduous in fruit; Petals 2.9-3.0 mm., yellow fading white,clawed, entire to tip slightly notched; Stamens, 2.5-2.6 mm.; Filaments, 2.3 mm., winged proximal 1.5-1.8 mm., not toothed; Style persistent, 1.3 mm., few hairs at base; Fruit round, 3.5-5.0 mm. × 5.6 mm. wide, margin entire, compressed parallel to the replum, hairy, hairs thinning as fruit matures; Ovules, 4 (most keys and descriptions say 2 when they give a specific number, but the genus is described as having 1-2[4] ovules). (Described from Clyde Golden, 25 Jun 2011, Coll. No. 1090, 30 Apr 2015, and Coll. No. 1367, 24 May 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3307. 6/22/2023. . .

Arabis pycnocarpa M. Hopkins var. pycnocarpa. (Syn: Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. , Arabis hirsuta (L.) Scop. var. pycnocarpa (M. Hopkins) Rollins ) Cream Flower Rockcress. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Along a low ridge that is a little drier and rockier than surrounding grass land; moss growing on bare soil. This is apparently the only name that remains in Arabis in Colorado. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 570 m. northeast past the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1836. 17 May 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00068474^‡ UCR ^‡ ) . .

Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. Garden Yellowrocket. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Probably a biennial or perennial, to 40 cm., terrestrial but growing in flowing water, glabrous throughout; Leaves, lower cauline, 150 mm. × 45 mm. wide, pinnafitid, lyrate, lobes, #9, terminal lobe 47 mm. × 40 mm. wide, auriculate, auricles, glabrous, leaves reduced upward, upper cauline, sessile, 35 mm. × 18 mm. wide, lobes, 3; Inflorescence, not bracted; Flowers, radial; Sepals, 2.5 mm. × 1.8 mm. wide, ovate, rows, #1, color, yellow; Petals, 6 mm., obovate, claw not conspicuously differentiated from blade, margin, entire, color, yellow; Stamens, #6; Filaments, 4 mm., plain; Anthers, 1 mm.; Fruit, pedicels, 5 mm., glabrous, mature, 19.5 mm. × 0.5 mm. wide, spreading, glabrous. (Described from Coll. No. 1818, 16 May 2018.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93,1.0 mile north on Plainview Road, then 400 meters east to the lower terrace of Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1599. 4 May 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065400^‡ ) . .

Boechera fendleri (S.Watson) W.A.Weber. (Syn: Arabis fendleri (S. Watson) Greene ) Fendler's rockcress. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial (short-lived?), terrestrial, herb, tap-rooted, to 50 cm., branched hairs proximally, glabrous distally; Leaves, basal, petiole 9 mm. + blade 19 mm. × 5.5 mm. wide, oblanceolate, entire, hairs 3-4 branches, cauline sessile, spear-shaped, 21 mm. × 4 mm. wide, auriculate, 1.0-1.5 mm.; Inflorescence, raceme, 125 mm.; Sepals, #4, 4 mm., ovate; Petals, #4, 6 mm., entire, lavender; Stamens, #6; Filaments, 3 mm., narrowly winged; Anthers, 1.5 mm.; Fruit, pedicels, 10 mm., glabrous, 50 mm. × 0.8-1.0 mm. wide, recurved; Ovules, many, biseriate (Described from Coll. No. 1812, 10 May 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Along a low ridge that is a little drier and rockier than surrounding grass land; moss growing on bare soil. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 700 m. northeast past the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1839. 17 May 2017. ( COLO02347706^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00068470^‡ ) . .

Draba . Draba. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Small white crucifer, no fruit. Tom Schweich 1466. 4/14/2016. . .

Draba reptans (Lam.) Fernald. Carolina Whitlow Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, from slender taproot, to 10 cm.; Leaves, basal, withered in fruit, entire, cauline, 0-1 pair per stem, 6 mm. × 2 mm. wide, entire, hairs branched; Pedicels, glabrous; Flowers, petals, color unknown; Fruit, distributed in upper ⅕-⅓ of rachis (Described from Coll. No. 1376, 29 May 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing among short grasses and forbs. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 340 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1376. 29 May 2016. ( KHD00063531^‡ ) Along a low ridge that is a little drier and rockier than surrounding grass land; moss growing on bare soil. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 567 m. northeast past the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1838. 17 May 2018. ( JCOS s.n. ) . .

Erysimum capitatum (Hook.) Greene. Sanddune Wallflower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial or at least biennial, 16 cm. 25-45 cm., hairs dolabriform throughout; Root, tap; Stems, erect, leafy, proximal not woody hairs as above; Leaves, basal and cauline, basal, petiole, indistinct, ±10 mm., + blade, 50-100 mm. × 2.5-3 mm. wide, narrowly oblanceolate, margin 1-3 shallowly pinnate dentate, cauline, nearly sessile, 42 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, ±linear, margin, entire, reduced distally; Inflorescence, raceme 130 mm. × 45 mm. wide, not bracted; Pedicels, 3-6 mm., elongating as flower matures, ascending; Flowers, radial; Sepals, #4, rows, 1, 7 mm. × 1-1.5 mm. wide, narrow and wide pairs opposite, lateral pair basally saccate; Petals, claw, 10-11 mm. + blade 6-9 mm. × 4-6 mm. wide, spoon-shaped, margin, entire, color, yellow, orange; Stamens, #6, 11 & 15 mm., tetradynamous (2 short, 4 long); Anthers, 4.5 mm.; Ovary, 4 mm.; Style, 9 mm.; Stigma, capitate; Fruit, 17-34 mm. × 1 mm. wide, 4-angled, ascending, hairy as above; Seeds, unknown (Described from Coll. Nos. 206, 1835, & 2306).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Open gentle slope with grasses and forbs, lightly grazed in 2016. 1.6 mi. west on CO 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 470 m. southwest upslope.15.3 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1412. 10 Jun 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063534^‡ ) Along a low ridge that is a little drier and rockier than surrounding grass land; moss growing on bare soil. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 570 m. northeast past the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1835. 17 May 2018. ( CAS COLO02347730^‡ EIU ) . .

Hesperis matronalis L. Dame's Rocket. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 50 cm., hairs, forked on stem, leaf, and sepal, but not fruit; Leaves, basal, withered at flowering, cauline, petiole 3-5 mm. + blade 100 mm. × 35 mm. wide, lanceolate, margin, small-toothed; Inflorescence, raceme; Sepals, #4, 5-6 mm., green, margins purple; Petals, #4, 13 mm. × 4 mm. wide, clawed, purple; Fruit, silique, 40 mm. × 0.6 mm. wide; Seed, 1.7 mm., brown, glabrous (Described from Coll. No. 1441, 15 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing in a thicket of Prunus virginiana and Crataegus succulenta. Colorado Noxious Weed List B. Approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road to a high pressure gas line service road, then 356 m.southeast to a terrace on the right bank of Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 2808. 15 Jun 2022. ( KHD00078698^‡ ) . .

Lepidium campestre (L.) W. T. Aiton. Field Pepperweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, herb, in dry and wet habitats, 15 cm. to 35 cm. tall; Roots, tap; Hairs, simple, on stems and leaves; Stem, erect, leafy, branched above or not; Leaves, basal, sometimes absent, petiole 10 mm. + blade 40 mm. × 12 mm. wide, oblanceolate, margin wavy, tip rounded, cauline, 12-21 mm. × 3.5-7 mm. wide, lance-linear to lanceolate, base auriculate, 2 mm., margin dentate (scalloped, though the term is rarely used), anthocyanic; Inflorescence, terminal raceme, 35-72 mm. × 17-21 mm. plus occasional several axillary racemes, not bracted, not one-sided; Sepals, #4, rows, #1, 1.2 mm. × 0.6-0.8 mm. wide, ovate, cream-green, purple distally, margin chartaceous; Petals, 1.3-1.5 mm., spoon-shaped, margin, entire, white; Style, #1, 0.5 mm., persistent; Fruit, pedicel, horizontal to spreading, 5 mm., silicle, 4.0-4.5 mm. × 3 mm. wide, margin, winged apically, 0.2 mm. at middle, 1 mm. at apex. (Described from Coll. No. 1413, 10 Jun 2016, and Coll. No. 1918.1, 3 June 2018.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Open gentle slope with grasses and forbs, lightly grazed in 2016. 1.6 mi. west on CO 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 470 m. southwest upslope.15.3 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1413. 10 Jun 2016. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063537^‡ ) Annual, in sheet flow water from a small stream that has been diverted. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Roaf from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 410 m. a little north of east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1918.1 3 Jun 2018. ( CAS OBI124842^‡ ) . .

Noccaea fendleri (A. Gray) Holub ssp. glauca (A. Nelson) Al-Shehbaz & M. Koch. (Syn: Noccaea montana (L.) F. K. Meyer , Thlaspi montanum L. var. montanum ) Alpine Pennycress. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herbs, with basal leaves and flowering stems to 8 cm., glabrous, prior year flowering stems persistent; Leaves, basal, 8 mm. × 4 mm. wide, ±obovate, margin entire, abaxially purple, petiole 5 mm., cauline, 8 mm. × 5 mm. wide, base auriculate, margin entire; Flowers, white, fading purple; Petals 4.5 mm.; Fruit, a silicle, 5.5-7.0 mm. × 2.5-3.0 mm. wide, obcordate, winged distally (Described from Coll. No. 1085, 25 April 2015, and Coll. No. 1328, 5 May 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Few plants in the shade of ponderosa pine. Stevens parcel immediately south of Ranson/Edwards parcel, 1.5 km south of the GNIS location of Plainvew, 3.71 km west southwest of the GNIS location of Rocky Flats. Tom Schweich 1328. 5 May 2016. ( UC ) Common in shade of ponderosa pines among rocks; flat, disturbed area above Coal Creek, with much broken glass. Stevens parcel immediately south of Ranson/Edwards parcel, 1.64 km south southeast of the GNIS location of Plainview, 3.48 km west southwest of the GNIS location of Rocky Flats. Tom Schweich 1329. 5 May 2016. ( CAS OBI83177^‡ UCR277966^‡ ) Openings in grassy, recently burned, ponderosa pine woodland, about 520 meters northeast of Plainview, 2.1 miles north on Plainview Road from Colorado State Highway 72, then 165 m west. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1085. 25 Apr 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56957^‡ ) . .

Physaria montana (A. Gray) Greene. (Syn: Lesquerella montana (A. Gray) S. Watson ) Mountain Bladderpod. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, rosette to 5 cm. dia., flowering stems to 14 cm., not in alpine environment, eastern slope, hairs stellate throughout; Leaves, basal, rosette, 9 mm. × 6.5 mm., ovate, entire, petiole, 12 mm., cauline, 10 mm., appearing secund, narrowly oblanceolate; Inflorescence, exceeding leaves; Pedicels, in fruit, ascending; Fruit, 5 mm. × 2 mm., ovate-elliptic, hairs stellate, apex entire (not notched, although these immature). (Described from Coll. No. 1081, 23 Apr 2015).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Among short grasses and forbs on a drier, gravelly alluvial ridge. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 340 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1377. 29 May 2016. ( EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063530^‡ ) . .

Rorippa palustris (L.) Besser. (Syn: R. islandica (Oeder ex Murray) Borbas ) Bog Yellow-Cress. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 305 m. east southeast, 14.90 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1938. 14 Jun 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00068461^‡ OBI170743^‡ ) . .

Turritis glabra L. (Syn: Arabis glabra (L.) Bernhardi ) Tower Rockcress. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Short-lived (?) perennial, terrestrial, herb, 45 cm. to 90 cm. tall; Roots, tap. Stem, erect, #1, (1 of 4 specimens has 2 stems), leafy, proximal, simple and forked hairs, distal, glabrous; Leaves, basal and cauline, basal simple, petiole, 6 mm., blade, 60 mm. × 15 mm. wide, oblanceolate, hairs, simple and forked, margin, dentate, tip, obtuse; cauline, #20, sessile, lobed, 2.5 mm., 40 mm. × 10 mm. wide, lanceolate, reduced above, margin, entire, becoming glabrous distally; Inflorescence, raceme, 70 mm. × 11 mm. wide, not bracted, not one-sided; Pedicels (at anthesis), 3-4 mm., glabrous; Sepals, #4, 2.5 mm. × 1.1 mm. wide, ovate, green, margin chartaceous; Petals, 4.5 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, spatulate, margin entire, color, pinkish, fading lavender; Fruit, (24-) 80-85 mm. × 0.9 mm. wide, ascending-appressed, glabrous, flattened, parallel to replum, style, base 0.4-0.5 mm. wide, stigma, 0.8-0.9 mm. wide; Ovules, biseriate, many, 0.7 mm. × 0.3 mm. wide, tan, translucent, wing not apparent. (Described from Coll. No. 1887, 28 May 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, dry alluvial slope with ponderosa pine Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3305. 6/22/2023. .

Cactaceae

Echinocereus viridiflorus Engelm. (Syn: Echinocereus chloranthus (Engelm.) J.N.Haage , Echinocereus viridiflorus Engelm. var. chloranthus (Engelm.) Backeb. ) Nylon Hedgehog Cactus. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1445. 7/29/2015. Several cacti in bloom on this date. Tom Schweich 1471. 5/29/2016. . .

Opuntia fragilis (Nuttall) Haw. Brittle Pricklypear. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3306. 6/22/2023. Large number of plants over a 10 m. dia. area. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3729. 6/28/2024. . .

Opuntia macrorhiza Engelm. Western Pricklypear. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial cactus, not distinctly mat-forming; Stem, segments, 90 mm. × 60 mm. wide, flattened, bluish-green, areoles, #5-6 per diagonal row, spaced 8-14 mm., proximal, glochids only, distal, glochids and spines, spines, #2, #1, 28 mm., erect, brown to tan at tip, #1, 12 mm., recumbent, nearly white; Flowers, petals, 36 mm. × 22 mm. wide, wedge-shaped, color yellow; Stamens, many, 18 mm., yellow; Style, 20-24 mm., stout; Stigma, lobes, #6-8, 3 mm.; Fruit, 38 mm. × 17 mm. wide, narrow at base, fleshy, green, areoles, mix of glochids and short spines. (Described from Coll. No. 1948, 15 June 2018.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, South-facing slope above intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 295 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1259. 26 Jul 2015. ( KHD00062044^‡ ) . .

Pediocactus simpsonii (Engelm.) Britton & Rose. (Syn: Echinocactus simpsonii Engelm. , Pediocactus simpsonii (Engelm.) Britton & Rose var. minor (Engelm.) Cockerell ) Mountain Ball Cactus. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1467. 4/14/2016. Tom Schweich 1470. 5/5/2016. Large. Tom Schweich 1483. 9/3/2016. Single plant, no others seen here. Tom Schweich 1951. 6/23/2020. In somewhat rocky alluvial montain mahogany and ponderosa pine woodland, gentle slope, 400 meters northwest of Plainview. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1086. 25 Apr 2015. ( Cactus, not collected. ) .

Campanulaceae

Campanula rotundifolia L. Harebell. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm.; Leaves, basal, ?, cauline, alternate, ±lance-linear, 52 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide; Inflorescence, solitary and loose racemes; Pedicel, 9 mm.; Calyx, tube 2.5 mm. + 5 lobes 2.5 mm. = 5.0 mm.; Corolla, 13 mm, blue-purple; Capsule, nodding, 5.5 mm. × 4.5 mm. wide, opening by pores near the base. Described from Coll. No. 1246, 24 July 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, North slope along intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 204 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1254. 26 Jul 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062049^‡ UCR267467^‡ ) .

Cannabaceae

Humulus neomexicanus (A. Nelson & Cockerell) Rydb. New Mexican Hops. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, growing out of sediment on the right bank of Coal Creek 2835. 6/15/2022. top of an abandoned bar of Coal Creek 2845. 6/21/2022. .

Caprifoliaceae

Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. Western Snowberry. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Woody perennial to 50 cm., forming dense colonies in moist open swales, [spreading by long sparsely-branched rhizomes,] Twigs without lenticels, minutely hairy when young; Leaves opposite, ovate, to 7 cm. × 5 cm. wide, reduced above, thick, approaching leathery, pinnately veined, upper surface glabrous, lower few short white hairs, margin slightly wavy, slightly rolled under, sparsely curved hairy; Petioles to 7 mm.; Inflorescence axillary (and terminal?); Floral bracts triangular, 3 mm.; Flowers in dense axillary clusters, bisexual, ±radial, possibly slightly bilateral, 2 or more whorls; Corolla fused at base, tube 2-3 mm., throat with recurved hairs, lobes 5, 2.0-3.5 mm, slightly longer than tube, hairy within at level of stamen insertion, white with magenta mottling; Stamens 5, alternate, exserted or barely exserted; Filaments, 3.3-3.6 mm., tapered; Anthers versatile; Ovary inferior Pistil 1; Style exserted or barely exserted; Stigma entire; Fruit a berry, green when young, mature color and size unknown. (Described from specimen seen on Green Mountain, 2 August 2014 and Coll. No. 1252, 26-Jul-2015).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Banks of an intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 175 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1252. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00061542^‡ UCR267465^‡ ) Relatively moist area, but not quite a wetland. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 870 m. west of Plainview Road, nearing the railroad tracks at the top of the park. Tom Schweich 1285. 28 Aug 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062045^‡ UC UCR267482^‡ ) .

Caryophyllaceae

Cerastium arvense L. ssp. strictum Gaudin. (Syn: Cerastium strictum L ) Field Chickweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Common early-flowering perennial, to 20 cm.; Leaves, opposite, broadly linear, 15 mm. × 3 mm. wide, stipules absent, tufts of leaves in lower axils; Sepals free; Petals >> sepals, white, notched; Styles (4)5.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, East-facing grassy slopes. Stevens parcel immediately south of Ranson/Edwards parcel, 1.5 km south of the GNIS location of Plainvew, and 3.65 km south southwest of Rocky Flats. Tom Schweich 1327. 5 May 2016. ( COLO02348415^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00064107^‡ ) . .

Dianthus armeria L. Deptford Pink. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Several plants among fallen trunks of Ponderosa pine. Location is 35 m. west of west boundary of open space property. Tom Schweich 1453. 8/20/2015. Northwest corner of park, 1.7 mi. west on CO highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 2.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 445 m. west to the base of a east limb of a small hogback, 21.4 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden, Tom Schweich 2161.1 16 Jul 2019. ( CAS CDA0052308^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00070790^‡ ) . .

Eremogone fendleri (A. Gray) Ikonnikov. (Syn: Arenaria fendleri A. Gray ) Fendler's Sandwort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, tufted, to 30 cm.; Stem, proximal glabrous, distal short glandular hairy “peg-like hairs”; Leaves, mostly basal, cauline, stipules absent, opposite, 50 mm. × 0.5 mm. wide, linear to needle-like, erect to appressed, margin finely scabrous, tip small spinulose; Inflorescence, open cyme; Pedicels, 3-8 mm.; Sepals, #5 distinct, 4.5-5.0 mm. × 1 mm. wide, glandular hairy (or stipitate glandular); Petals, white, 5 mm., entire; Stamens, #10; Anthers, purple; Styles, #3. Described from Coll. No. 1270, 1374, and 2372.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 212 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1270. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060597^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 310 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1374. 29 May 2016. ( CAS UC UCR277976^‡ ) Mixed short grasses and forbs. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. northerly on Plainview Road, then 470 m. southwest of the road upslope. 16 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1411. 10 Jun 2016. ( CS EIU JCOS s.n. OBI83312^‡ ) This site a little more dry and rocky than the surrounding area; also collected here or nearby: Tragopogon dubius, Penstemon secundiflorus and P. virens, Carex inops var. heliophila, and Koeleria macrantha. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 90 m. east along a terrace on the south side of an ephemeral stream, 19.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2372. 23 Jun 2020. ( CDA0053756^‡ COLO2434322^‡ KHD00072978^‡ REGIS ) . .

Paronychia jamesii Torr. & A. Gray. James' Nailwort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial erect subshrub, to 15 cm.; Leaves, cauline, opposite, 10 mm., linear, pointed, stipules, 4-5 mm., papery; Inflorescence, many-flowered cyme; Sepals, #5, 2.3 mm., greenish, awn-tipped; Petals, absent. Described from Coll. No. 1263, 29 July 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 130 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1263. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060469^‡ ) . .

Saponaria officinalis L. Bouncingbet. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Colorado Noxious Weed List B. In the ditch beside Plainview Road, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.3 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, 15.45 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1983. 20 Jul 2018. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00068922^‡ ) . .

Silene L. Catchfly. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Silene csereii Baumg. Balkan Catchfly. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, erect, to 50 cm.; Stem, simple, branched only in the inflorescence, without dark or sticky band; Inflorescence, glabrous; Calyx, tube 9 mm. × 8 mm. across + lobes 2 mm., indented at base around peduncle, glabrous, veins obscure, reticulations faint; Corolla, white to cream; Stamens, #10, exserted 10 mm.; Filaments, white to purple-tinged distally; Seeds, unknown. (Described from Coll. No. 1922, 3 June 2018.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72, Coal Creek Canyon Road, from CO Highway 93, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 250 m. a little south of east on a gasline access road to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1922. 3 Jun 2018. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00068921^‡ OBI170745^‡ ) . .

Silene latifolia Poir. (Syn: Lychnis alba Mill. , Melandrium dioicum (L.) Cosson & Germain ) Bladder Campion. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In a thicket, primarily of Prunus virginiana, along a break in slope. Also collected in these thickets: Polygonum douglasii, Cynoglossum officinale, and Arctium minus. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 400 m. east to a small break in slope, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2127. 6 Jul 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00072749^‡ OBI186050^‡ UCR ) . .

Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke. Maidens Tears. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, erect, to 55 cm., generally glabrous throughout; Stem, lacking dark sticky band, most, i.e., 7/8 stems, simple unbranched; Stipules, 0; Leaves, basal, unknown, cauline, opposite, 44 mm. × 6-7 mm. wide, sessile, bases connate; Calyx, tube 8 mm. × 5.5 mm. wide + lobes 2 mm. somewhat inflated, many green veins, not particularly prominent; indented around peduncle (when pressed and dry); Corolla, 13 mm., limb 6 mm., white; Stamens, #10, exserted; Filaments, white (definitely not purple); Seeds, 1 mm., brown, papillate. (Described from Coll. No. 1463, 27 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Mixed grasses and forbs beside the old road, on the accessible side of a gate that prevents cows from going down to Coal Creek. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 250 m. east on old ranch road; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1463. 27 Jun 2016. ( CAS CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063540^‡ UC ) .

Convolvulaceae

Convolvulus arvensis L. Field Bindweed. Weed: CO DofA, List: C. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Thinly vegetated rocky alluvial terrace. Colorado Noxious Weed List C. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 60 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1220. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062144^‡ UC UCR267687^‡ ) .

Crassulaceae

Crassula aquatica (L.) Schoenl. Water Pygmy Weed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, to 22 mm.; Stem, rooting, ascending; Leaves, cauline, opposite, bases conjoined, 4 mm. × 0.5 mm. wide; Flowers, borne singly in axils; Petals, #4, 1 mm. × 1.2 mm. wide; Seeds, #12, 0.4 mm., oblong, lines longitudinal. Described from Coll. No. 1689, 28 June 2017.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Muddy flat with sheet flow water. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.0 mile north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1689. 28 Jun 2017. ( KHD00065580^‡ ) On a terrace overlooking Coal Creek, in still water that has been diverted to this terrace from a nearby ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 410 m. east northeast, 15.50 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1937. 14 Jun 2018. ( JCOS s.n. ) . .

Sedum lanceolatum Torr. (Syn: Amerosedum lanceolatum (Torr.) A. L�ve & D. L�ve ) Spearleaf Stonecrop. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Type collected by Edwin James on the Long Expedition, described by Torrey, 1827.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, North-facing dry alluvial slope. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Roaf from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 290 m. a little south of east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1919. 3 Jun 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00069198^‡ OBI124844^‡ ) .

Euphorbiaceae

Chamaesyce A. Gray — Sandmat

Chamaeysce is reduced to a subgroup of Euphorbia in FNANM. California and Colorado authors maintain its rank as a genus.

Chamaesyce serpyllifolia (Pers.) Small. (=Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers) Thymeleaf Sandmat. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Collected with: Salvia reflexa, Fallopia convolvulus and Prunus cf. P. pumila var. besseyi. High plains above Rocky Flats, approximate center of parcel, in a gravel bar on west side of the road, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich, with Cindy Trujillo 2228.2 10 Sep 2019. ( JCOS s.n. ) . .

Euphorbia brachycera Engelm. (Syn: Tithymalus brachyceras (Engelm.) Small ) Horned Spurge. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 25-30 cm., glabrous throughout; Stem, erect, herbaceous; Leaves, alternate, sessile, lanceolate, 16 mm. × 8 mm. wide, margin entire, tip acute, green throughout; Flowers, arranged in a cyathium, glands entire with “horns” on either side. (Described from Coll. No. 2485, 2 June 2021.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, iNaturalist Observation 221616109. Tom Schweich, with Cheryl Schweich 3592. 6/9/2024. .

Fabaceae

Amorpha fruticosa L. False Indigo. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Woody perennial shrub, 1.5-2 m., erect; Stem, pubescent, hairs, simple, basifixed; Leaves, alternate, compound, stipules, free, 3 mm., petiole, 15 mm., leaflets, #13-15, 25-32 mm. × 9-16 mm. wide, elliptic-ovate, mid-rib extended as a short slender mucro, eglandular, short soft hairy, sparse adaxially, less sparse abaxially; Inflorescence, raceme, 60 mm. × 18 mm. wide, many flowers, pedicels, 1.5 mm.; Calyx, tube 2.5 mm. + lobes 0.7 mm., increasingly pubescent distally, few gland-dotted distally; Flowers, zygomorphic, banner, 4-6 mm., purple, not reflexed, back, glabrous, wings, absent, keel, absent; Fruit, unknown (immature). (Described from Coll. No. 1464, 27 June 2016, and Coll. No. 1940, 14 June 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Xeric mountain foothills with alluvial water flow. Associated Species: Crataegus erythropoda, Prunus virginiana, Bouteloua hirsute, Symphoricarpos rotundifolius, Prunus americana. United States, Colorado, Jefferson, 1 mile north on Plainvierw Road, north of Hwy 72 and Golden, CO and 1 1.2 miles west of Hwy 93. Boulder City Open Space and Mountain Parks land along the Coal Creek creek bed. Denise Wilson 7 Oct 2011. ( CHIC16921^‡ ) Habitat: High plains seasonally dry creek bed. Associated Species: Populus deltoides, Salix sp., Symphoricarpos occidentalis, Prunus virginiana, Hypericum perforatium, Rhus trilobata, Rosa woodsii, Elymus canadensis, Heterotheca villosa, Artemisia frigida, A. campestris United States, Colorado, Jefferson, Take Hwy 93 north 8 miles from Golden, CO, take Hwy 72 west for 1.7 miles to Plainview Rd; turn right (north) cross bridge, drive 1 mile and park. Plants are in the Coal Creek dry creek bed to the east. Denise Wilson 24 Nov 2012. ( CHIC17891^‡ ) In dense vegetation of mostly willows on the edge of an abandoned channel of Coal Creek. Flood plain of Coal Creek, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. generally east on an old road leading to Coal Creek; 14.7 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1464. 27 Jun 2016. ( CAS EIU022394^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00063619^‡ OBI83327^‡ ) Lining a small ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1480. 7/24/2016. Growing in roadside ditch. Tom Schweich 1486. 9/8/2016. Shrubs growing on bank of small ephemeral stream that was flowing at the time of this collection. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.0 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 260 m. east, 14.90 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1940. 14 Jun 2018. ( COLO02348209^‡ CS UC ) with Crataegus succulenta and Populus angustifolia. Abandoned channel of Coal Creek, approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road to a high pressure gas line service road, then about 520 m. east. Tom Schweich 2811. 21 Jun 2022. . .

Amorpha nana Nutt. Dwarf False Indigo. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Habitat: In a recent burn area. Locally common. USA, Colorado, Jefferson County, Ranson/Edwards, JEFCO open space property. N. of gravel road as it curves W and uphill. Verbatim Coordinates: NAD83 13 0476478E 4416476N, Eldorado Springs quad T2S R70W SEC7. D. Hazlett, Pam Smith, and Rich Scully 13965. 15 Sep 2011. ( KHD52809^‡ ) Several plants. Tom Schweich 1484. 9/8/2016. Tom Schweich 1485. 9/8/2016. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 180 m. northwest; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1513. 24 Jul 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063626^‡ ) Tom Schweich 1783. 8/27/2019. . .

Astragalus agrestis Douglas ex G. Don. Purple Milkvetch. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1398, 8 June 2016, characters observed: Perennial herb, to 15 cm., caulescent, basifixed straight appressed hairy throughout; Leaves, cauline, alternate, stipules, 5 mm., connate opposite petiole, compound, odd-pinnate, leaflets, #13, 8 mm. × 2 mm. wide, straight hairy, tip round; Inflorescence, upright ovoid cluster; Calyx, tube 4.5 mm. + lobes 3.5 mm. = 8 mm., mix of white and black hairs; Flowers, zygomorphic, 11 mm., blue-purple; Style, 7 mm., persistent; Legume, immature, 5 mm. × 1.7 mm. wide, stipe very short (0.4 mm.?), dense long straight soft hairy (Described from Coll. No. 1398, 8 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, North-facing slope with grasses and ponderosa pines. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 2.4 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 130 m. southeast across a small drainage, 15.95 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1422. 10 Jun 2016. ( COLO02347839^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063608^‡ UC ) . .

Astragalus eucosmus B. L. Rob. Elegant Milkvetch. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1415, 10 June 2016, characters observed: Perennial, caulescent, to 40 cm., hairs basifixed throughout; Stem, not flexuous or zigzag distally, light brown above, purplish at base; Stipules, 6 mm., connate opposite petiole proximally; Leaves, cauline, alternate, compound, leaflets, #15, 15 mm. × 3.3 mm. wide, glabrous adaxially, hairy abaxially; Inflorescence, axillary racemes, flowers, #21; Calyx, tubes 3 mm. + lobes 1 mm. = 4 mm.; Flowers, spreading, 10 mm., ochroleucous proximally, blue distally, banner, 9.5 mm., wings, 8 mm., keel, 6 mm.; Fruit, unknown, immature, developing short stipitate and hairy (Described from Coll. No. 1415, 10 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Open gentle slope with grasses and forbs, lightly grazed in 2016. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 455 m. southwest upslope.15.3 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1415. 10 Jun 2016. ( COLO02348324^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063613^‡ ) . .

Astragalus laxmannii Jacq. var. robustior (Hook.) Barneby & S. L. Welsh. (Syn: Astragalus adsurgens Pall. ) Prairie Milkvetch. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm., caulescent, ascending, hairs dolabriform; Leaves, cauline, stipules, free, 12 mm., compound, petiole, 5 mm., blade, 100 mm., leaflets, #17-21, 17-21 mm. × 5 mm. wide, elliptic, tip cuspidate, terminal leaflet jointed to rachis; Inflorescence, raceme, dense, bracts, 9 mm., 30+ flowers, ascending, Calyx, tube 4.5-6 mm. + lobes 5 mm. = 11 mm., hairs, black and white, dolabriform; Flowers, 14 mm., pale blue-lavender to whitish, banner, 14 mm, wings, claw 6 mm. + blade 6 mm. keel, 11 mm.; Ovary, 4.5 mm. × 1.3 mm. wide, densely hairy, Legume, more erect than flower (Described from Coll. No. 1400, and 3261).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Dry terrace above Coal Creek, with Koeleria macrantha. Approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road to a high pressure gas line service road, about 215 m. east on the pipeline road. Tom Schweich 2809. 15 Jun 2022. ( Golden ) . .

Dalea purpurea Vent. Purple Prairie Clover. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1437. 7/26/2015. . .

Glycyrrhiza lepidota Pursh. American Licorice. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Thick vegetation along intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 67 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1222. 16 Jul 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00060601^‡ OBI83189^‡ UC UCR267454^‡ ) . .

Lupinus caudatus Kellogg var. argophyllus (A. Gray) S.L. Welsh. (=Lupinus argenteus Pursh var. argophyllus (Gray) S. Watson) Kellogg's Spurred Lupine. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 1 m.; Leaves, cauline, petiole 35-40 mm., palmately compound, 44 mm. × 70 mm. wide, leaflets, 7-9, 36 mm. × 9 mm. wide, oblanceolate, veins 1, adaxial glabrate, abaxial appressed hairy; Inflorescence, well above the leaves, 25 cm. × 3.5 mm. wide; Pedicel, 3.5 mm., recurved, silky hairy; Calyx, silky hairy, lower lobe, 9 mm., upper lobe, 6 mm., spur, more a bump, ≤1 mm.; Banner, 9 mm., reflexed 2.5 mm from tip, folded tightly over wings, back hairy inside folds; Wing, 10 mm. × 5.5 mm. wide, claw, 1.5 mm. × 1 mm. wide; Keel, 10 mm., hairy on bottom, tip dark, recurved <3 mm. giving closed appearance; Style, glabrous; Stigma, small, 4-lobed. Described from Coll. No. 1675, 19 Jun 2018.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Among deep grasses and near the mouth of a minor ephemeral creek. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.1 mile north on Plainview Road, then 580 m. east northeast to the lowest terrace of Coal Creek. Tom Schweich, with Jerry Bader and Anthony Massaro 1675. 19 Jun 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065367^‡ UCR ^‡ ) . .

Medicago sativa L. Alfalfa. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 miles north on Plainview Road, then 450 meters east northeast to a location just southeast of the original homestead. Tom Schweich 1686. 28 Jun 2017. ( CDA0050011^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00065410^‡ ) . .

Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweet Clover. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Oxytropis lambertii Pursh. Purple Locoweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, acaulescent, mostly dolabriform hairs (one arm much shorter than the other); Leaves, basal, pinnately compound, leaflets #17, terminal leaflet present; Inflorescence, raceme, peduncle 30 cm., pedicels very short; Bracts, 7 mm. × 1.6 mm. wide, green, lanceolate; Calyx, tube 7 mm. + lobes 4 mm. = 11 mm.; Flower, zygomorphic, various shades of magenta to purple, banner, 17 mm., wings, 16 mm., keel, 13 mm., blades united enclosing stamens, recurved beak; Stamens, #10, diadelphous (Described from Coll. No. 1385, 1 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Open gentle slope with grasses and forbs, lightly grazed in 2016. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 450 m. southwest upslope.15.3 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1416. 10 Jun 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063611^‡ UC ) . .

Psoralidium tenuiflorum (Pursh) Rydb. (=Pediomelum tenuiflorum (Pursh) A. N. Egan) Slimflower Scurfpea. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Dry alluvial terrace above watercourse. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 215 m. east along the north side of an ephemeral stream; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1459. 27 Jun 2016. ( CAS EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063621^‡ ) . .

Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt. ex Pursh) Nutt. ex Richardson var. divaricarpa (A. Nelson) Isely. (Syn: Thermopsis divaricarpa A. Nelson ) Spreadfruit Goldenbanner. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Small ridge between two watercourses. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 335 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1375. 29 May 2016. ( COLO02348480^‡ EIU028456^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00063931^‡ ) . .

Trifolium hybridum L. Alsike Clover. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 50 cm., sprawling-ascending; Leaves, cauline, petiole to 90+ mm., stipules, to 25 mm., entire, acute, leaf compound, ternate, leaflets, 3, 20 mm. × 16 mm. wide, attached at a single point, margin serrate, generally glabrous, scant hairs along distal margins; Inflorescence, flowers in heads, peduncles, 55-95 mm., heads 22 mm. diameter, many flowers, bracts inconspicuous (1 mm.); Calyx, tube 1 mm. + lobes 2 mm.; Corolla, 7 mm. Described from Coll. No. 1683, 28 Jun 2017.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 miles north on Plainview Road, then 450 meters east northeast to the original homestead location. Tom Schweich 1683. 28 Jun 2017. ( CDA0050012^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00065407^‡ UCR ^‡ ) . .

Trifolium pratense L. Red Clover. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon. Introduced, per Ackerfield (2015).

Perennial herb, erect, to 50 cm., hairs not hooked at tips; Stem, spreading hairy; Stipules, 21 mm. × 5 mm. wide, connate, scarious with several green nerves; Leaves, ternately compound, leaflets, 38 mm. × 20 mm. wide, margins slightly wavy tip short mucronate (easier to see on young leaves), both sides long wavy hairy; Heads, sessile, subtended by stipules and a pair of leaves, many flowers; Fruit, unknown. Introduced. (Described from Coll. No. 1458, 27 June 2016.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, On the edge of a spring-fed swale close to an ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 200 m. east along the north side of an ephemeral stream; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1458. 27 Jun 2016. ( KHD65720^‡ ) On the bank of a small stream that has been diverted to water a terrace above Coal Creek. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 360 m. east to a small stream, 19.4 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2122. 6 Jul 2019. ( CDA0052298^‡ JCOS s.n. OBI186047^‡ UCR ) .

Gentianaceae

Frasera speciosa Griseb. (Syn: Swertia radiata (Kellogg) Kuntze ) Elkweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Collected only four flowers and two leaves because this was a single plant out on the lone prairie. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.3 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 190 m. east of Plainview Road, 100 m. north of creek. Tom Schweich 1122. 28 May 2015. ( KHD56973^‡ ) Tom Schweich 1436. 7/26/2015. Limited plant parts collected, only one plant in bloom in this foothill prairie location. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 950 m. northeast past the old homestead to the northeast corner of the open space; about 16.3 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1840. 17 May 2018. ( CAS JCOS s.n. UC UCR 289027^‡ ) About twelve plants seen, about half of which will bloom this year. Openings in grassy, recently burned, ponderosa pine woodland, about 520 meters northeast of Plainview. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1084. 25 Apr 2015. ( Not collected, immature. ) . .

Gentiana affinis Griseb. (Syn: Pneumonanthe oregana (Engelm. ex A. Gray) Greene ) Pleated or Rocky Mountain Gentian.. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Open grasslands in the highest part of the park. Found, with increasing density, from Plainview Road up to the Union Pacific railroad tracks. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 750 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1283. 28 Aug 2015. ( JCOS s.n. ) Open grasslands in the highest part of the park. Found, with increasing density, from Plainview Road up to the Union Pacific railroad tracks. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 825 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1284. 28 Aug 2015. ( KHD00062055^‡ UCR267481^‡ ) Tom Schweich 1454. 8/28/2015. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 35 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1761. 1 Sep 2017. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00065166^‡ ) in grasses under ponderosa pines Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3367. 30 August 2024. ( Undist. ) .

Geraniaceae

Geranium caespitosum James. Pineywoods Geranium. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 65 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1226. 16 Jul 2015. ( EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00061510^‡ OBI83190^‡ ) On the bank of a small ephemeral stream (that was running on this particular day). High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 555 meters a little north of west along a small ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1725. 27 Jul 2017. ( COLO02348092^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00065327^‡ ) .

Grossulariaceae

Ribes aureum Pursh. Golden Currant. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1319, 4 May 2016: Perennial shrub, to 1 m.; Stem, unarmed; Leaves, fascicled, broadly ovate, 29 mm. × 22 mm. wide, lobes 3, obtuse; Hypanthium, 9 mm., bright yellow; Sepals, petaloid, 5 mm.; Petals, 2.5 mm.; Ovary, 2 mm.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, One shrub in pile of rocks in an otherwise open grassy field. The pile of rocks may be artificial given the proximity of the original homestead. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 530 m. northeast past the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1834. 17 May 2018. ( EIU029814^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00069200^‡ OBI124867^‡ UC ) . .

Ribes cereum Douglas. Wax Currant. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Along the eastern boundary fence. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 660 m. east northeast; about 15.7 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1844. 17 May 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00069202^‡ ) .

Hypericaceae

Hypericum perforatum L. Common St. John's Wort. Weed: CO DofA, List: C. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Treated in family Clusiaceae by Ackerman (2015). Hypericaceae retained at rank of Family by APG IV.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Adjacent to intermittent stream. Colorado Noxious Weed List C species. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 102 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1250. 27 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00061519^‡ UC UCR267473^‡ ) .

Lamiaceae

Agastache urticifolia (Benth.) Kuntze. Nettle-Leaved Horse-Mint. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3834. 8/30/2024. . .

Lamiaceae . CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3356. 26 Jul 2024. ( Undist. ) . .

Lycopus americanus W. P. C. Barton. American Bugleweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing in banks of ephemeral creek, below a small reservoir. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 860 m. west of Plainview Road, nearing the railroad tracks at the top of the park. Tom Schweich 1287. 28 Aug 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD61517^‡ UCR267484^‡ ) Streamside. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 655 meters a little north of west along a small ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1721. 28 Jul 2017. ( CAS JCOS s.n. OBI124853^‡ ) . .

Mentha arvensis L. (Syn: Mentha canadensis L. ) Wild Mint. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb; Stem erect; Internodes visible; Leaves �equal in size upward; Infloresence axillary clusters distributed along stem; Calyx 5-lobed, radially symmetrical, lobes and tips equally hairy; Flowers radial, 3 mm; Stamens exserted, fertile 4; Style exserted (Described from Coll. No. 718, 20 Nov 2011).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In dense vegetation beside intermittent stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 75 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1224. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00061509^‡ UC ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 610 meters a little north of west along a small ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1722. 28 Jul 2017. ( CAS CDA0052326^‡ EIU029807^‡ JCOS s.n. OBI124852^‡ UCR ^‡ ) . .

Monarda fistulosa L. Wild Bergamot. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1434. 7/26/2015. Tom Schweich 1435. 7/26/2015. Bottom of a watercourse with tall willows; frequently occupied by resting elk. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.5 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 260 m. north, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1977. 13 Jul 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00069149^‡ OBI ^‡ ) . .

Prunella vulgaris L. Common Selfheal. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 315 m. southwest of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1294. 9 Sep 2015. ( REGIS ) On the edge of a spring-fed swale close to an ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 200 m. east along the north side of an ephemeral stream; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1457. 27 Jun 2016. ( CAS EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063979^‡ OBI83326^‡ ) . .

Salvia reflexa Hornemann. (Syn: S. lanceolata Rydb. [unpub.] , S. lanceolata Willd. [illeg.] , S. trichostemmoides Pursh ) Lanceleaf Sage. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Plants branching laterally after being eaten. Outside edge of a small outwash gravel bar, a few meters west of Plainview Road; 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road; 15.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1566. 28 Sep 2016. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063822^‡ ) . .

Scutellaria brittonii Porter. Britton's Skullcap. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Relatively dry terrace on south side of small creek, in open prairie, lightly grazed in some recent years. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO 72 from CO 93, 1.1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then approx. 75 m. east. Tom Schweich 2076. 10 Jun 2019. ( OBI183243^‡ ) .

Montiaceae

Claytonia rosea Rydb. Rocky Mountain Springbeauty. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Widely scattered among grassy areas in recently burned Ponderosa pine woodland. Common across a wide area but never in dense clusters. Just north of Plainview Road, 2.1 miles by road north of the intersection of Plainview Road and Colorado State Highway 72, Coal Creek Canyon Road. Tom Schweich 1076. 23 Mar 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56960^‡ ) . .

Phemeranthus parviflorus (Nutt.) Kiger. Sunbright. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Nyctaginaceae

Mirabilis linearis (Pursh) Heimerl. (Syn: Oxybaphus linearis (Pursh) B. L. Robinson ) Narrowleaf Four O'Clock. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 1 m.; Stem, ascending through brush, glabrous below; Leaves, cauline, alternate, sessile, 90 mm. × 5 mm. wide, linear; Involucre, 15 mm., hairs with pale crosswalls; Flowers, 3 per involucre; Fruit, 4 mm. × 2.2 mm., obovate, ribs 4, hairy. Described from Coll. No. 1273, 30 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3833. 8/30/2024. .

Onagraceae

Epilobium brachycarpum C. Presl. Autumn Willow Herb. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1040, 15 Sep 2013, characters observed while keying: Late-season annual, from taproot, to 1 m, not glandular; Leaves, opposite at base, alternate above, stipules 0, petiole 4 mm + blade 46 mm × 6 mm wide, folded along mid-rib, toothed, glabrous; Flowers, parts in 4s; Sepals, 4.5 mm, deciduous after flowering; Hypantheum, 13 mm; Petals, 9.5 mm, notched; Ovary inferior; Stamens, in 2 unequal whorls of 4; Seeds, 1.3 mm, hair tufted, bug eaten.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Relatively moist area, but not quite a wetland. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 860 m. west of Plainview Road, nearing the railroad tracks at the top of the park. Tom Schweich 1286.1 28 Aug 2015. ( KHD00061540^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 100 meters west in a small watercourse above the road. Tom Schweich 1772. 1 Sep 2017. ( CAS EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00065403^‡ UC UCR ^‡ ) . .

Epilobium ciliatum Raf. Fringed Willowherb. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Epilobium hirsutum L. Hairy Willowherb. Weed: CO DofA, List: A. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Loose gravelly soil, seasonally inundated. Colorado Noxious Weed List A. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 300 m. west to a small wetland just above a reservoir, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2380. 12 Jul 2020. ( CDA0053760^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00072988^‡ ) . .

Oenothera suffrutescens (Ser.) W. L. Wagner & Hoch. (Syn: Gaura coccinea Pursh , Gaura glabra Lehm. ) Linda Tarde. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Herbaceous perennial, to 60 cm.; Stipules absent; Leaves alternate, 25 mm. x 5 mm., lanceolate, few toothed; Inflorescence straight, open; Bracts 2-3 mm.; Buds erect; Sepals fused to tip in bud, all coming free, reflexed, 6 mm., not persistent after flowering; Hypanthium 6 mm.; Petals entire; Stamens 8, < stigma; Anthers maturing in unison with stigma; Ovary at flowering > distal internode (ergo infl. "open"); Stigma 4-lobed; Fruit 7 mm., stalk-like base 0, erect, fusiform, gradually wider at middle, puberulent, indehiscent; Seeds few, 2 mm., glabrous, not winged (Decribed from Coll. No. 317, keyed 15 Dec 2012).

Oenothera villosa Thunb. Hairy Evening Primrose. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 25 cm., ±straight hairy throughout; Stem, eglandular, villous, hairs with red pustular bases; Leaves, cauline, alternate, sessile, 55 mm. × 12 mm. wide, elliptical, reduced above, entire, very shallowly toothed; Inflorescence, leafy bracteate spike; Sepals, #4, 13 mm., reflexed; Floral tube, 24 mm.; Petals, #4, 9 mm. × 5 mm. wide, yellow fading pink, obovate, entire; Stigma, lobes #4; Capsules, 25-33 mm.; Seeds, 0.8 mm., squarish, glabrous throughout. Described from Coll. No. 1271, 29 July 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 104 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1271. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062052^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, single plant growing in delatic gravels of small ephemeral stream entering pond. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 700 m. downhill to northeast to a small reservoir; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1516. 24 Jul 2016. ( EIU028459^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00063837^‡ OBI83333^‡ ) with Asclepias speciosa, Rosa arkansana, Solidago, and Phleum. Probably var. strigosa if infra-specific names are to be applied. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 865 meters west into open prairie, nearly to the railroad tracks. Tom Schweich 1719. 28 Jul 2017. ( CAS UCR ^‡ ) .

Orobanchaceae

Castilleja integra A. Gray. Wholeleaf Indian Paintbrush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 410 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1379. 29 May 2016. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063827^‡ ) . .

Castilleja sessiliflora Pursh. Downy Paintedcup. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, On the upper bank, south side of a small creek, 75 meters east of Plainview Road, and 1.2 miles north on Plainview Road from Colorado State Highway 72. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1089. 25 Apr 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56955^‡ ) . .

Orobanche uniflora L. (Syn: Aphyllon uniflorum (L.) Torr. & A. Gray , Orobanche uniflora L. var. uniflora ) Naked Broomrape. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, then 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road. 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1372. 29 May 2016. ( KHD00063825^‡ ) .

Oxalidaceae

Oxalis stricta L. Common Yellow Oxalis. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, On a gravel and sand bar in Coal Creek. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.1 mile north on Plainview Road, then 550 m. east northeast to Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1676. 19 Jun 2017. ( KHD00065366^‡ ) .

Papaveraceae

Papaver orientale L. Oriental Poppy. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Also collected in the lower channel: Apocynum �floribundum, Amorpha fruticosa, Populus angustifolia, and Vitis riparia. Bar of abandoned channel of Coal Creek, approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road to a high pressure gas line service road, then about 500 m. east northeast. Tom Schweich 2813. 21 Jun 2022. ( Golden KHD00078906^‡ OBI183820^‡ ) .

Phrymaceae

Erythranthe floribunda (Douglas ex Lindl.) G. L. Nesom. (Syn: Mimulus floribundus Lindl. ) Many Flowered Monkey Flower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, to 45 mm.; Stems, gland-tipped hairs; Leaves, cauline, opposite, petiole, an indistinct 0.4-0.7 mm. to a distinct 1.5 mm., blade, 8 mm. × 4.5 mm. wide, palmately veined, margin, entire to few-toothed; Calyx, tube 3.5 mm., + lobes 0.5 mm., uppermost lobe not longer, more like bottom two lobes are shorter, margins sparsely ciliate; Pedicels, 15-16 mm., glandular; Corolla, 6 mm. × 2 mm. dia., throat open, lobes, 1 mm., upper lobe ±=others, limb 3.7 mm., yellow. Described from Coll. No. 1688, 28 June 2017.

Plantaginaceae

Callitriche palustris L. (Syn: Callitriche verna L. ) Vernal Star Wort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Also collected nearby: Lithospermum occidentale, Sisyrinchium montanum, and Amorpha fruticosa. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 225 m. east to a small stream, 19.4 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2121. 6 Jul 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00072730^‡ OBI183232^‡ UCR ) . .

Gratiola neglecta Torr. Clammy Hedge Hyssop. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Penstemon secundiflorus Benth. Sidebells Penstemon. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 150 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1120. 28 May 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56971^‡ ) . .

Penstemon virens Pennell ex Rydb. Front Range Beardtongue. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Plantago lanceolata L. Narrowleaf Plantain. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 55 cm., scapose; Leaves, basal, 22 cm. × 1.5 mm. wide, lance-elliptic, glabrous; Inflorescence, spike, 42 mm. × 6-7 mm. wide, slightly wider at base; Sepals, outer two connate, 3 mm., mid-rib strong green, villous-ciliate distally; Corolla, scarious, lobes, #4, 2 mm. Described from Coll. No. 1217, 16 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 95 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1217. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00061518^‡ UC UCR267686^‡ ) Beside ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 325 m. east along a terrace on the south side of an ephemeral stream, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2375. 23 Jun 2020. ( CAS CDA0053758^‡ COLO2434280^‡ OBI186045^‡ ) . .

Plantago major L. Common Plantain. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1843. 17 May 2018. ( Golden ) . .

Veronica anagallis-aquatica L. Water Speedwell. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Coordinates estimated with GoogleEarth. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72, Coal Creek Canyon Road, from CO Highway 93, 0.9 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 125 m. generally east along a small ephemeral stream draining to Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1923. 3 Jun 2018. ( COLO02347474^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00069222^‡ UC ) . .

Veronica peregrina L. ssp. xalapensis (Kunth) Pennell. (=Veronica peregrina L.) Neckweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Muddy flat with sheet flow water. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.0 mile north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1689.5 28 Jun 2017. ( KHD00065585^‡ ) 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Roaf from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1915. 3 Jun 2018. ( JCOS s.n. OBI124843^‡ ) 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Roaf from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1915.1 3 Jun 2018. ( CAS ) .

Polemoniaceae

Ipomopsis spicata (Nutt.) V.E. Grant. (Syn: Gilia spicata Nutt. var. spicata ) Spiked Ipomopsis. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Observed on CoNPS field trip, coordinates approximate. Tom Schweich 1669. 6/10/2018. .

Polygonaceae

Eriogonum Michx. — Wild Buckwheat

1a. Perennials, low, spreading, cespitose or mat-forming; flowers attenuate at base, sometimes only weakly so, stipelike base not at all winged; inflorescence bracts 2-10 or sometimes more; perianths glabrous or, if pubescent, not white-tomentose ... 3. (Eriogonum subg. Oligogonum)

1b. Perennial subshrubs or tall erect herbs; flowers not attenuate at base, stipelike base absent or, if present, then slightly winged; inflorescence bracts usually 3 ... 2

2a. Plants perennial subshrubs; involucres (except 1 at fork of node in some) typically sessile, without winged or distinctly ridged achenes ... 6. (Eriogonum subg. Eucycla)

2b. Tall erect perennial herb, Involucres pedunculate, flowers usually glabrous, achenes winged or distinctly ridged ... Eriogonum subg. Pterogonum. Achenes 3-winged; plants (3) 5-25 dm. tall, from a thick taproot; leaves all or mostly basal, linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, hirsute, 5-20 cm long; flowers yellow of yellowish green, or reddish in fruit � E. alatum

3. (Eriogonum subg. Oligogonum)

3a. Perianth glabrous externally; stems only with a whorl of leaf-like bracts subtending the inflorescence; ... E. umbellatum

3b. Perianth hairy externally, stems with a whorl of leaf-like bracts subtending the inflorescence and reduced or scale-like bracts at distal nodes; ... 4

4a. Flowers white, cream, or pinkish ... E. jamesii var. jamesii (in Jeffco known only from an M. E. Jones' collection in Morrison, 1878).

4b. Flowers pale to bright yellow ... 5

5a. Involucres elevated on evident peduncles ... E. flavum var. flavum

5b. Involucres sessile or nearly so ... E. arcuatum

6. (Eriogonum subg. Eucycla). Leaves 4-9 times longer than wide (to 1 cm wide), linear-lanceolate, narrowly oblong, narrowly ellliptic, or oblanceolate, the margins not crenulate. Plants of the eastern slope ... E. effusum

Abstracted from FNANM (2005) and Ackerfield (2015).

Eriogonum alatum Torrey in L. Sitgreaves, Rep. Exped. Zuni Colorado Rivers. 168, plate 8. 1853. (Syn: Pterogonum alatum (Torr.) Gross ) Winged Buckwheat. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1442. 7/29/2015. Tom Schweich 1457. 8/28/2015. Same as Coll. No. 1975 Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 150 m. southwest onto a slightly dryer ridge above the road, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1974. 13 Jul 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00068915^‡ OBI ^‡ ) Same as Coll. No. 1974. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 150 m. southwest onto a slightly dryer ridge above the road, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1975. 13 Jul 2018. ( KHD ^‡ ) . .

Eriogonum arcuatum Greene, Pittonia. 4: 319. 1901. (Syn: E. bakeri Greene , E. jamesii Benth var. flavescens S. Watson ) Baker's Buckwheat. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Rocky elevated bench. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 915 meters a little north of west into open prairie, nearly to the railroad tracks. Tom Schweich 1720. 28 Jul 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065331^‡ OBI124851^‡ ) . .

Eriogonum umbellatum Torr. var. umbellatum. Sulphur-Flower Buckwheat. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Type collected “near the Rocky Mountains” by Edwin James, 1820. Described by Torrey in 1827.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Among grasses and ponderosa pines, near top of south-facing slope. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, then 2.4 mi. northerly on Plainview Road, then 40 m. or so south of the road. 16 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1409. 10 Jun 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063559^‡ UC UCR277991^‡ ) . .

Fallopia convolvulus (L.) A.L�ve. (Syn: Polygonum convolvulus L. ) Black Bindweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Also collected here: Salvia reflexa, Chamaesyce serpyllifolia, and Prunus cf. P. pumila var. besseyi. High plains above Rocky Flats, approximate center of parcel, in a gravel bar on west side of the road, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich, with Cindy Trujillo 2228.3 10 Sep 2019. ( KHD00074455^‡ ) . .

Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M. G�mez. (Syn: Polygonum pensylvanicum L. ) Pennsylvania smartweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Polygonum douglasii Greene. (Syn: Polygonum majus (Meisner) Piper ) Douglas Knotweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, to 35-40 cm., generally glabrous; Leaves, cauline, alternate, some sort of papery tissue at base of leaf that could be an ocrea, 20 mm. × 1 mm. wide, linear to narrowly lanceolate, adaxial sparsely pitted, margins revolute; Inflorescence, flowers borne singly in axils; Flowers, stipe-like base; Perianth, #5 (looked like 3 outer and 3 inner to me) 2.5 mm. × 1 mm. wide, outer, greenish with pink margins, inner, pink with green mid-vein; Stamens, #8 (I was able to count 6), 1.4 mm.; Filaments, winged below; Ovary, superior, 1 mm. × 0.6 mm. wide; Styles, #3, 0.3 mm.; Stigmas, 1 per style; Fruit, 2.5 mm., black. Described from Coll. No. 1718, 28 Jul 2017.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, At base of Prunus virginiana with Symphoricarpos and Potentilla recta. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 500 meters west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1718. 29 Jul 2017. ( KHD00067571^‡ ) In a thicket, primarily of Prunus virginiana, along a break in slope. Also collected in these thickets: Silene latifolia, Cynoglossum officinale, and Arctium minus. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 400 m. east to a small break in slope, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2127.1 6 Jul 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00072748^‡ OBI186002^‡ UCR ) . .

Rumex acetosella L. (Syn: Acetosella vulgaris (K. Koch) Fourr. , R. angiocarpus Murb. ) Sheep Sorrel. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1841, 17 May 2018, characters observed: Perennial herb from woody rootstock, to 30 cm., dioecious (all plants in this collection staminate); Leaves, basal and cauline similar, ocrea, 7-10 mm., petiole 20 mm. + blade 12-24 mm. × 6 mm. wide, base hastate, lobes pointing outward, tip acuminate; Pedicels, 1-3 mm.; Flowers, bulbar-like base, described as stipe-like, but does not look stipe-like such as that seen in Eriogonum umbellatum; Pedicels, 1-3 mm.; Tepals, #6, 1.7 mm., reddish (Described from Coll. No. 1841, 17 May 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Beside an old ranch road near the eastern boundary fence. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 800 m. northeast past the old homestead to the northeast corner of the open space; about 16 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1841. 17 May 2018. ( CDA0052352^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00068917^‡ ) . .

Rumex triangulivalvis (Danser) Rech. f. (Syn: R. salicifolius Weinm. var. triangulivalvis (Danser) J. C. Hickman ) Triangular-Valved Dock. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 15 cm., growing beside distributary of Mill Creek; Main stem, herbaceous (not clearly woody), decumbent; Leaves, cauline, lance-linear arcuate, 80 mm. × 10 mm. wide, 8 × longer than wide, margins wavy, adaxial surface sparsely short-hairy, esp. mid-rib, abaxial sparsely cobwebby, esp. mid-rib, petiole, 45 mm., not jointed; Inflorescence, monoecious, axillary, dense, interrupted; Flower, inner perianth lobes 3, 3 mm. × 1.8 mm. wide, triangular, notched bear base, tip acute, tubercule (callosity) 1 × 3 inner lobes = 3, ± equal, width 0.3 mm., 1/6 lobe, minute warty, outer perianth lobes mostly deteriorated and easily overlooked; Stamens, 6, yellow; Styles, 3, fringed; Seed, 3-angled, 1.4 mm × 0.7 mm. wide, brown (Described from Coll. No. 1009, 22 July 2013).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Also here: Gratiola neglecta, Persicaria pensylvanica, Alisma triviale, and Eleocharis palustris. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 0.9 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 215 m. west to south side of a small dam across creek. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3284. 28 Jun 2024. ( Undist. ) .

Primulaceae

Lysimachia ciliata L. Fringed Loosestrife. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm.; Leaves, cauline, opposite, petiole, 12 mm., sparsely long ciliate, blade, 72 mm. × 26 mm. wide, lanceolate, glabrous, margin minutely ciliate; Inflorescence, axillary, flowers borne singly on long pedicels; Pedicel, 30 mm.; Sepals, #5, 4 mm.; Petals, #5, 7 mm. × 6 mm. wide, free ≥½length, yellow; Stamens, #5, alternate; Filaments, 2 mm., attached near base; Anthers, 2 mm.; Ovary, superior; Style, #1, 3 mm., lengthening to 4 mm. at maturity; Fruit, 3 mm. × 3 mm. dia., globose, bluish. Described from Coll. No. 1723, 28 Jul 2018.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In the bank of a small stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 610 meters a little north of west along a small ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1723. 28 Jul 2017. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00065329^‡ UC UCR ^‡ ) In the bottom of a small ravine with a trickle of runnng water; frequently used by resting elk. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.5 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 260 m. north, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1977.2 13 Jul 2018. ( COLO02347466^‡ CS OBI158416^‡ ) .

Ranunculaceae

Clematis hirsutissima Pursh. (Syn: Coriflora hirsutissima (Pursh) W. A. Weber ) Hairy Clematis, Sugar Bowls. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, USA, Colorado, Jefferson County, Ranson/Edwards Park. N of Rd. 72; E of Plainview. Verbatim Coordinates: T2S R70W S7, 8, 17 & 18. D. Hazlet 10831. 29 May 1999. ( CS79262^‡ ) . .

Delphinium nuttallianum Pritz. Twolobe Larkspur. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Upper northwest-facing slope above reservoir. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 620 m. north of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1381. 29 May 2016. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00064101^‡ ) . .

Pulsatilla nuttalliana (DC.) Bercht. & J. Presl. (Syn: Anemone nuttalliana DC. , Anemone patens L. var. nuttalliana (DC.) A Gray , P. patens (L.) Mill ssp. nuttalliana (DC.) ined. ) Pasque Flower. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Scattered among grassy areas in recently burned Ponderosa pine woodland. Flowers: Coll. No. 1075, 23 Mar 2015; Fruit: Coll. No. 1082, 25 Apr 2015; Leaves: Coll. No. 1125, 28 May 2015. Just north of Plainview Road, 2.1 miles by road north of the intersection of Plainview Road and Colorado State Highway 72, Coal Creek Canyon Road. Tom Schweich 1075. 23 Mar 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56965^‡ UCR266084^‡ ) This collection is only leaves, combined with Coll. Nos. 1075 & 1082. High plains merging into Ponderosa pine woodland, 20 m. west of Plainview Road, 2.2 miles north of CO State Highway 72. Tom Schweich 1125. 28 May 2015. ( See Coll. No. 1075 ) Highest Great Plains at base of the Rocky Mountain Front Range, just above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 73 from Colorado Highway 93, then 2.0 mi. generally north on Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1793. 26 Apr 2018. ( CAS OBI124858^‡ ) Seed heads, combined with Coll. No. 1075. Grassy open spaces in burned ponderosa pine forest. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1082. 25 Apr 2015. ( See Coll. No. 1075 ) . .

Ranunculus acris L. Tall Buttercup. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 30 cm., aquatic; Leaves, mostly basal with few cauline, compound, deeply parted, margins toothed; Petioles, spreading hairs; Flowers, actinomorphic, sepals, present, 9 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, ovate, hairy, white/translucent, petals, yellow, 17 mm. × 12.5 mm. wide, obovate, notched, not spurred; Pistil, many; Achenes, immature, small, glabrous, abruptly curved short beak (Described from Coll. No. 2274, 12 May 2020).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, United States, Colorado, Jefferson, Ranson/Edwards Park. N. of Road 72; E of Plainview. Verbatim Coordinates: T2S R70W SEC7, 8, 17 & 18 Donald L. Hazlett 10984. 14 Jul 1999. ( COLO648014^‡ ) . .

Ranunculus pensylvanicus L. f. Pennsylvania Buttercup. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In the bottom on an ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 555 meters a little north of west along a small ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1724. 28 Jul 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065328^‡ ) .

Rhamnaceae

Ceanothus fendleri A. Gray. Fendler's Ceanothus. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Somewhat sheltered little draw near base of a hogback. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 2.2 miles north on Plainview Road, then 250 m. west northwest into the northwest corner of Ranson/Edwards Homestead OS. Tom Schweich 1700. 7 Jul 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065459^‡ UCR ^‡ ) .

Rosaceae

Cercocarpus montanus Raf. Alder-Leaf Mountain Mahogany. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Described by Rafinesque from a specimen collected by Edwin James of the Long Expedition, 1820, probably in present Jefferson County, Colorado. Rafinesque was somewhat frustrated by Torrey's reluctance publish a new species name in assigning James' collection to C. fothergillides Humb. Bonpl. And Kunth.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Observed on CoNPS field trip, coordinates approximate. Tom Schweich 1666. 6/10/2018. . .

Crataegus succulenta Schrad. ex Link. Fleshy Hawthorn. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Woody shrub to 1 m., thornless, alternate leaves, creeksize. Tom Schweich 1451. 8/20/2015. Discarded, sterile. See Coll. No. 1462 for material with fruit. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 200 m. east along the south side of an ephemeral stream; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1455. 27 Jun 2016. Scattered along ephemeral steam. Tom Schweich 1462. 27 Jun 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063625^‡ ) . .

Geum macrophyllum Willd. Large-leaf Avens. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 50 cm., plant drying green; Leaves, upper stem leaves divided near to base; Sepals 5; Hypanthium bractlets (not visible); Petals 5 (not visible); Style continuous to fruit, 3 mm., hooked, not plumose, without bristles, non-glandular; Fruit, many per flower, 2.5 mm (Described from Coll. No. 438.1, 12 Nov 2012, var. perincisum considered indistinct).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Determination tentative. Tom Schweich 1787. 7/16/2019. . .

Physocarpus monogynus (Torr.) J.M. Coult. (Syn: Spiraea monogyna Torr. ) Mountain Ninebark. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Shrub, height unknown (growing in ravine); Leaves, alternate, simple, hairs stellate, petiole, 10 mm., blade, 30 mm. × 33 mm. wide, ovate, palmate-veined, doubly crenate; Inflorescence, umbellate corymb, ±20-flowered; Pedicels, 8-12 mm.; Flowers, limb, 12 mm., petals, 4.5 mm., color cream; Styles, 2 (Described from Coll. No. 1397, 8 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Terrace on southeast side of Coal Creek with Prunus virginiana and Salix exigua. Also collected nearby: Hesperis matronalis and Vitis riparia. Collected while searching the banks of Coal Creek for Humulus lupulus “Wild Hops.” On an abandoned terrace of Coal Creek, approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 440 m. east on an high pressure gas line service road to Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 2805. 15 Jun 2022. ( Golden ) . .

Potentilla L. — Cinquefoil

� “The long, stiff, spreading, tubercle-based hairs on stems and petioles of P. recta, overtopping a layer of short hairs and glands, also serve to distinguish this aggressive species from native P. gracilis at any stage of the life cycle (FNANM).”

Potentilla L. Cinquefoil. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Very wet, water from an open running well. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 miles north on Plainview Road, then 450 meters east northeast to the original homestead location. Tom Schweich 1682. 28 Jun 2017. ( JCOS ) . .

Potentilla effusa Douglas ex Lehm. Wooly Cinquefoil. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Same as Coll. No. 1261, which was made 29 Jul 2015. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 85 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1218. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00061531^‡ ) . .

Potentilla gracilis Hook. var. fastigiata (Nutt.) S. Watson. Slender Cinquefoil. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, herbaceous, to 50 cm.; Stolons 0; Stem ascending, hairs one length, spreading, not shaggy or cottony; Leaf palmately compound; Leaflets 5-7, 12 to 21-toothed to base of leaflet, � half or less to mid-veins, top and bottom surfaces similarly hairy, hairs straight spreading (not shaggy or cottony hairy), Inflorescence in cymes, many-flowered; Sepals 5; Receptacle in fruit not enlarged; Petals 5, yellow, equal to or slightly longer than sepals; Hypanthium shallow; Stamens many, 13-18; Style jointed to achene at top, thickest at base, slightly tapered, neither warty nor hairy, 1.4-2.0 mm.; Achenes glabrous, not fleshy; (Described from Coll. No. 438.2 12 Nov 2012, Coll. No. 471 30 Nov 2011, and Coll. No. 852 21 Jun 2012).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Open grassy field that is a little wetter than most, also here: Helianthus pauciflorus ssp. subrhomboideus, Sonchus asper, Opuntia fragilis (in nearby gravel bar), and Sisyrinchium montanum. Open field off of Plainview Road, 1.2 miles west on CO State Highway 72 "Coal Creek Canyon Road" from CO State Highway 93, 0.9 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then 130 m. generally west into field. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3283. 28 Jun 2024. ( Undist. ) . .

Potentilla hippiana Lehm. var. effusa (Douglas ex Lehm.) Dorn. Wooly Cinquefoil. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 40 cm., long straight hairy to wooly throughout, eglandular; Leaves, basal and cauline, basal, compound, stipules, 18 mm., entire, petiole, 50 mm., blade, 50 mm. × 33 mm. wide, obovate, leaflets, #9, 23 mm. × 9 mm. wide, bases decurrent, margin, flat, toothed most of length; Inflorescence, cymose; Bractlets, 3 mm., slightly darker than calyx lobes; Calyx, lobes #5, 5 mm.; Petals, #5, 5 mm. × 4 mm. wide, yellow; Ovary, glabrous; Style, 2 mm., widest at base; Fruit, achene, #10, 1.5 mm. × 1 mm. wide, brown, smooth, glabrous. Described from Coll. No. 1261, 29 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Same as Coll. No. 1218, which was made 16 Jul 2015. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 85 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1261. 29 Jul 2015. ( CAS OBI83211^‡ UC UCR267472^‡ ) . .

Potentilla recta L. Sulphur Cinquefoil. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 50 cm., hairy throughout, short (0.3 mm.) hairs glandular, long (4 mm.) hairs straight spreading eglandular; Leaves, stem, 7-8 per stem, alternate, stipules, to 20 mm., lobed, petioles, to 80 mm., blade, palmately compound, leaflets, #5, 45 mm. × 14 mm. wide, lobed ½ to mid-rib, progressively reduced above; Calyx, 9 mm. × 9 mm. wide, flattened at base; Petals, 8 mm., yellow; Style, 1.3 mm., tapered throughout, not appearing warty; Achene, 1 mm., attached laterally, reticulate in color, but not texture. Described from Coll. No. 1680, 28 June 2017. “The long, stiff, spreading, tubercle-based hairs on stems and petioles of P. recta, overtopping a layer of short hairs and glands, also serve to distinguish this aggressive species from native P. gracilis at any stage of the life cycle (FNANM).”

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Along a faint old ranch road that goes in the general direction of the original homestead. Colorado Noxious Weed List B. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 miles north on Plainview Road, then 210 meters east northeast into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1680. 28 Jun 2017. ( CDA0050013^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00065404^‡ ) Bottom of a watercourse with tall willows; frequently occupied by resting elk. Colorado Noxious Weed List B. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.5 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 260 m. north, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1977.1 13 Jul 2018. ( COLO02347524^‡ OBI158414^‡ UC ) . .

Potentilla rivalis Nutt. Brook Cinquefoil. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 60 cm., in very wet places; Stem, erect and branched at base decumbent to ascending, proximal hairs weak, 1 mm., eglandular; Leaves, compound, palmate and ternate, petiole 0-62 mm. + blade 37 mm. × 40 mm. wide, leaflets, 3-5, both sides, green, sericeous, hairs weak; Sepals, 3 mm., green; Petals, 4 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, yellow; Style, 0.7 mm.; Achene, 0.9 mm., light greenish-brown, smooth, maybe very minutely pappilate. Described from Coll. No. 1682.1, 28 June 2017.

Potentilla supina L. ssp. paradoxa (Nuttall) Sojak. Bushy Cinquefoil. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herbs, to 50 cm., in very wet places, not stoloniferous; Leaves, petiole 20 mm. + blade 42 mm. × 23 mm., pinnately compound, leaflets, 9, 15 mm. × 6 mm. wide, margins flat; Sepals, 4 mm., green; Petals, 4 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, ±=sepals, yellow; Style, 0.6 mm., tapered, Achene, 1 mm., brown, large white protuberance. Described from Coll. No. 1682.2, 28 June 2017.

Prunus americana Marshall. American Plum. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial woody shrub, spreading, to 2 m., blooming before leafing out; Branches, unarmed, glabrous when young, peeling to brown; Leaves, (immature, at time of flowering), simple, 15-19 mm. × 5.5-8 mm. wide, lanceolate or elliptic-rhomboid, pinnately veined, glabrous, margin toothed, teeth eglandular, base slightly hairy, petiole 3 mm., adaxially hairy; Flowers, in small groups of 2-3; Pedicels, 9-18 mm., glabrous to sparsely hairy; Hypanthium, 2 mm.; Sepals, 2.5-2.8 mm., reflexed, few cobwebby hairs adaxially; Petals, free, white, 5-7 mm. × 2.5-4.5 mm. wide; Stamens, many (30?); Ovary superior; Styles #1, 10 mm.; Fruit unknown (Described from Coll. No. 1093, 30 Apr 2015, and Coll. No. 1819, 16 May 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.9 miles north on Plainview Road, then 300 meters east on an old ranch road to the lower terrace of Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1598. 2 May 2017. ( COLO2299758^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00065389^‡ ) . .

Prunus pumila L. var. besseyi (L. H. Bailey) Gleason. Sand Cherry. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Horizontally growing stems on gravel bar. Also collected here: Salvia reflexa, Fallopia convolvulus, and Chamaesyce serpyllifolia. High plains above Rocky Flats, approximate center of parcel, in a gravel bar on west side of the road, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich, with Cindy Trujillo 2228.1 10 Sep 2019. ( JCOS s.n. ) . .

Prunus virginiana L. Chokecherry. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

The most useful distinction is between chokecherries found east of the Rocky Mountains, var. virginiana and those found from the mountains westward, var. demissa. Plants of the High Plains show intergradation between those of the Rockies and those of the East.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Small area of low (<1m) shrubs in grasses; Ribes aureum nearby in a small pile of rocks. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 530 m. northeast past the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1833. 17 May 2018. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00069182^‡ ) . .

Rosa arkansana Porter. Prairie Rose. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Low-growing perennial, to 20 cm.; Stem, straight slender unequal prickles, present on new growth; Leaves, alternate, compound, leaflets (7)9-11, 20 mm. × 9 mm. wide, serrate, teeth dark-tipped, unclear whether there is glandular exudate, sparsely villous on both sides; Flowers, in clusters of 2-5; Sepals, 16 mm. × 3 mm. wide, abaxial, stalked glandular, adaxial, glandular hairy; Petals, 28 mm. × 21 mm. wide, color pink (Described from Coll. No. 1456, 27 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Petal attachment tenuous making good flower collections difficult. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 200 m. east along the south side of an ephemeral stream; 15.2 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1456. 27 Jun 2016. ( EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00063624^‡ ) .

Rubiaceae

Galium aparine L. (Syn: Galium aparine L. var. echinospermum (Wallr.) Farw. , Galium spurium L. ) Sticky Willy, Cleavers. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual/perennial unknown, weak-stemmed and scrambling through shrubs and grass; Stem, retrorsely scabrous on angles (but not densely so); Leaves, whorls of 6-8 (more leaves above, fewer below), 46 mm. × 4 mm. wide, oblanceolate, margins retrorsely scabrous, tips with a short spine; Flowers, corolla, greenish-white, lobes 1 mm.; Fruit, 1.3 mm., covered with hooked hairs (Described from Coll. No. 1395, 8 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, North-facing grassy slope with ponderosa pines. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, then 2.4 mi. northerly on Plainview Road, then 100 m. south of the road to the other side of the drainage. 16 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1410. 10 Jun 2016. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00063849^‡ OBI83313^‡ ) . .

Galium boreale L. (Syn: Galium septentrionale Roem. & Schult. ) Bedstraw. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 40 cm.; Stems, ascending; Leaves, in whorls of 4, tips rounded, 3-nerved; Flowers, cream-colored; Fruit, short-hairy (Described from Coll. No. 2374, 23 June 2020).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 610 meters a little north of west along a small ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1721.1 28 Jul 2017. ( KHD00065330^‡ ) Along the south bank of ephemeral stream from this location extending generally east and downstream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 325 m. east along a terrace on the south side of an ephemeral stream, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2374. 23 Jun 2020. ( CAS CDA0053757^‡ JCOS s.n. UCR ) Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3734. 6/28/2024. .

Salicaceae

Populus alba L. White Cottonwood. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, This has also been collected in the nearby City of Boulder Lindsay-Jeffco property. Northwest corner of park, 1.7 mi. west on CO highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 2.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 445 m. west to the base of a east limb of a small hogback, 21.4 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden, Tom Schweich 2161. 16 Jul 2019. ( COLO2435394^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00070791^‡ OBI ^‡ ) . .

Populus angustifolia E. James. Narrowleaf Cottonwood. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Collected and described by Edwin James of the Long Expedition, 1820.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, With Amorpha fruticosa and Crataegus succulenta Bar of abandoned channel of Coal Creek, approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road to a high pressure gas line service road, then about 520 m. east. Tom Schweich 2812. 21 Jun 2022. ( Golden KHD00078907^‡ ) . .

Salix lasiandra Benth. var. caudata (Nutt.) Sudw. Greenleaf Willow. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Also collected here or nearby: Galium boreale, Crataegus succulenta, Rosa arkansana, Toxicodendron rydbergii, and Gaillardia aristata. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.6 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 325 m. east along a terrace on the south side of an ephemeral stream, 19.9 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2373. 23 Jun 2020. ( COLO2434298^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00072977^‡ ) .

Santalaceae

Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. ssp. pallida (A. DC.) Piehl. (Syn: Comandra umbellata (L.) Nutt. var. pallida (A. DC.) M. E. Jones ) Pale Bastard Toadflax. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Scrophulariaceae

Limosella aquatica L. Water Mudwort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Muddy flat with sheet flow water. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.0 mile north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1689.6 28 Jun 2017. ( KHD00065583^‡ ) Annual, in sheet flow water from a small stream that has been diverted. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Roaf from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 410 m. a little north of east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1918. 3 Jun 2018. ( JCOS s.n. ) . .

Scrophularia lanceolata Pursh. Lanceleaf Figwort. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Observed on CoNPS field trip, coordinates approximate. Tom Schweich 1667. 6/10/2018. Tom Schweich 1784. 8/27/2019. .

Verbenaceae

Verbena bracteata Lag. & Rodr. Large Bract Vervain. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 15 cm., erect; Leaves, cauline, opposite, petiole 5 mm. + blade 20 mm. × 10 mm. wide, pinnafitid, toothed; Bract, 11 mm. × 2.2 mm. wide, entire; Calyx, 4 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide; Corolla, lobes, #5 tube 4 mm. + throat 1 mm. + lobes 2 mm., limb, 2.5 mm., color blue; Introduced (Described from Coll. No. 1500.2, 13 July 2016). Usually seen as a prostrate trailside herb. However, occasionally growing in grasses and herbs, and forced to adopt an erect habit.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Collected around a concrete foundation, perhaps of a former ranch house. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 miles north on Plainview Road, then 450 meters east northeast to the original homestead location. Tom Schweich 1684. 28 Jun 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065408^‡ ) .

Violaceae

Viola nuttallii Pursh. Nuttall's Violet. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Stevens parcel immediately south of Ranson/Edwards parcel, 115 m north of the Plainview Road bridge over Coal Creek, 14.5 km north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1313. 14 Apr 2016. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063909^‡ OBI83180^‡ ) .

Vitaceae

Vitis riparia Michx. Riverbank Grape. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing on Rhus trilobata in shade of Populus angustifolia. Some parts of Coll. No. 2806 combined into Coll. No. 2807 On an abandoned terrace of Coal Creek, approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 440 m. east on an high pressure gas line service road to Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 2806. 15 Jun 2022. ( Golden ) Sprawling on the ground and growing on Rhus trilobata under Populus angustifolia. On a terrace of Coal Creek, approximately 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93 to Plainview Road, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 440 m. east on an high pressure gas line service road to Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 2807. 15 Jun 2022. ( Golden KHD00078697^‡ ) .

Alismataceae

Alisma triviale Pursh. Northern Water Plantain. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Alliaceae

Allium cernuum Roth. Nodding Onion. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, North-facing bank of small watercourse. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 204 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1253. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060588^‡ UCR267466^‡ ) Northwest-facing slope above ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.1 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 870 m. west on a small ridge, 20.0 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2208. 27 Aug 2019. ( CDA0052313^‡ COLO2434538^‡ CS REGIS ) . .

Allium geyeri S. Watson. Geyer's Onion. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, geophyte, to 40 cm.; Bulb, 20 mm. × 20 mm. wide, ovoid, outer coat with coarse fibers; Leaves, #2-3, 24 cm. × 1.5 mm. wide, somewhat withered at anthesis; Inflorescence, umbel; Bracts, #3, 14 mm., prominently 1-veined; Flowers, #29, tepals, 7 mm., pink; Seed, unknown (Described from Coll. No. 1417, 10 June 2016).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Open gentle slope with grasses, Arnica fulgens, and a few small ponderosa pines. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.7 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 375 m. southwest upslope.15.7 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1417. 10 Jun 2016. ( COLO02348332^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063427^‡ UCR277990^‡ ) . .

Allium textile A. Nelson & J.F. Macbr. Textile Onion. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Plainview, USA, Colorado, Jefferson County, Plainview Ellsworth Bethel Jun 1906. ( CS5193^‡ ) .

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Pinus ponderosa, Rosa woodii, Heterotheca villosa, Ribes cereum, Rubus deliciosus, Nothocalais cuspidata, Ratibida columnifera, Commandra umbellata, Frasera speciosa, Liatris punctata, Penstemon secundiflorus, Antennaria parvifolia, Artemesia frigida, A. United States, Colorado, Jefferson, Denise Wilson 27 May 2013. ( CHIC18153^‡ ) .

Araceae

Lemna minor L. Common Duckweed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Northwest corner of park, 1.7 mi. west on CO highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 2.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 300 m. west to a small spring and pond, 21.4 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden, Tom Schweich 2160. 16 Jul 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00070792^‡ ) .

Cyperaceae

Carex L. Sedge. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1213. 16 Jul 2015. Perennial, in sheet flow water from a small stream that has been diverted. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Roaf from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 400 m. a little north of east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1917.1 3 Jun 2018. ( KHD00072288^‡ ) Growing in a small spring in open prairie, 100 meters east of Plainview Road, and 1.1 miles north on Plainview Road from Colorado State Highway 72. Tom Schweich, with Matt Schweich 1088. 25 Apr 2015. ( Golden ) . [ Immature, unable to identify, possibly the same taxa as #1213 or #1215 that were made 16 Jul 2015, some 4 m away. ] .

Carex brevior (Dewey) Mack. Shortbeak Sedge. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1145, 15 June 2015, characters observed: Grass-like perennial, to 75 cm.; Leaves, basal and lower cauline; Inflorescence, terminal, multiple individually distinct spikelets; Bracts, 9 mm., <inflorescence and spikelets, lacking sheath, strong central vein, Spikelets, 4-6 per stem, 10 mm. × 5 mm. wide, gynecandrous (staminate below, pistillate above); Scales, thin, <perigynia; Perigynia, 4.5 mm. × 3 mm. wide, 1.5 × long as wide, glabrous, margin, ±winged, entire below, serrulate above, beak, 1.4 mm., flat, serrulate to tip; Stigmas, 2; Achene, 2 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide, lenticular. Described from Coll. No. 1145, 15 June 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing in the flowing water of a small diverted ephemeral stream. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 295 m. east southeast, 14.90 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1939. 14 Jun 2018. ( COLO02348233^‡ CS JCOS s.n. KHD00068989^‡ ) . .

Carex inops L.H. Bailey ssp. heliophila (Mack.) Crins. (Syn: C. pensylvanica Lam. ssp. heliophila (Mack.) W. A. Weber ) Sun Sedge. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial herb, to 16 cm., prior year leaves to 23 cm.; Rhizome, 5-10(12) cm.; Culm, 11.5 cm. × 0.6 mm., ±triangular, but obscured by white striations at least when dry; Leaves, 12 cm. × 1.5 mm., ±flat, some folded ≤30°.; Inflorescence, multiple spikes, all approximate, 1-2 pistillate spike(s) below, 1 staminate spike above; Bracts, lowest, blade 8 mm., sheath 4.5 mm., papery; Pistillate spike, peduncled 1.0-1.3 mm., 9 mm., brown (not black); Staminate spike, terminal, 12-16 mm., ovoid (not cylindric), brown (not black); Scales, >perigynum body; Perigynum, pubescent on faces, margin ciliate; Achenes, unknown. Described from Coll. No. 1079, 23 April 2015, and Coll. No. 1568, 3 Apr 2017.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1487. 5/1/2015. . .

Carex nebrascensis Dewey. Nebraska Sedge. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1924, 3 June 2018, characters observed: Perennial sedge, sometimes growing in running water; Habit, rhizomatous; Culms, to 50 cm., lightly scabrous below the head; Leaves, 4.3 mm. wide, green, sheaths, white-hyaline, ventrally smooth; Inflorescence, 120 mm. × 15 mm. wide, #3-5 spikes per culm, separated; Proximal bract, leaf-like, 130 mm., nearly equaling the inflorescence; Spikes, differentiated, terminal spike staminate, lateral spikes androgynous to proximal spikes pistillate; Pistillate spike, 30-40 mm. × 5-7.5 mm. wide, ength 6× width, peduncle 6 mm., stout, erect; Pistillate scales, 5 mm., including awn 1.2 mm., >perigynia, brown-black, mid-vein green; Perigynia, many per spike, body 1.8-3.0 mm. + beak 0.3-0.4 mm. = 2.1-3.4 mm. × 1.2-1.5 mm. wide, wingless, glabrous, faces veined, beak bidentate, ciliolate between teeth; Achene, 1.4 mm. × 0.9 mm. wide, biconvex; Stigma, #2. (Described from Coll. No. 508, 2 Aug 2007, Mono County, CA, and Coll. No. 1123, 1924, and 2489, Jefferson County, CO.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.3 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 60 m. east of Plainview Road, 35 m. north of creek. Tom Schweich 1123. 28 May 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56952^‡ UC UCR266085^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72, Coal Creek Canyon Road, from CO Highway 93, 0.9 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 125 m. generally east along a small ephemeral stream draining to Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1924. 3 Jun 2018. ( Golden OBI144805^‡ ) . .

Carex scoparia Schkuhr ex Willd. Pointed Broom Sedge. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial sedge, caespitose, to 60 cm., lightly scabrous below head; Leaves, 2 mm. wide, green sheaths, white-hyaline, centrally smooth; Inflorescence, 22 mm. × 15 mm. wide, spikes, #6, closely clustered; Spikes, identical appearing, gynecandrous, 10 mm. × 5 mm. wide, terminal spike clavate; Bracts, 9 mm. long, proximal, 20 mm., =inflorescence, bristle-like; Pistillate scales, <perigynia, mid-vein, green, margin, hyaline, awn, absent; Perigynia, many per spike, 5 mm. × 2 mm. wide, winged, faces, veined, adaxial veins, #7-9, glabrous, beak, 1.5 mm., ±sloping to tip, achene to beak tip, 2.5-2.8 mm.; Achene, 1.3 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, oval, biconvex; Stigma, #2. Described from Coll. No. 2163, 16 July 2019.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Northwest corner of park, 1.7 mi. west on CO highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 2.0 mi. generally north on Plainview Road to private road, then 550 m west northwest, near northern fence line, 21.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden, Tom Schweich 2163. 16 Jul 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00070508^‡ ) . .

Eleocharis R. Br. Spikerush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 380 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1916. 3 Jun 2018. ( KHD ) . .

Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult. Needle Spikerush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Small patch less than 1 m. sq., north side of the pond between the well and the homestead. Determination tentative. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 350 m. northeast to the general vicinity of the old homestead, about 15.9 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1832. 17 May 2018. ( COLO02347516^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00068960^‡ ) . .

Eleocharis engelmannii Steud. Engelmann's Spike-Rush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, E. palustris was previously collected here, other plants collected nearby: Bidens frondosa, Gratiola neglecta, Alisma trivale, and Echinochloa muricata. High plains above Rocky Flats, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 290 m. west to a small reservoir. Tom Schweich 2204. 27 Aug 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00075513^‡ OBI186029^‡ UCR ) . .

Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. & Schult. Common Spikerush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing in water. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 90 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1215. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060592^‡ UCR267452^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 280 meters northwest to a small reservoir on an ephemeral stream. Tom Schweich 1728. 28 Jul 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065421^‡ UCR ^‡ ) . .

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Palla. (Syn: Scirpus lacustris L. var. validus (Vahl) K�k. , Scirpus validus Vahl ) Softstem Bulrush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Site of a small reservoir now filled with sediment. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.5 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 260 m. north, 16 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1978. 13 Jul 2018. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00068969^‡ OBI158893^‡ ) . .

Scirpus pallidus (Britt.) Fern. Cloaked Bulrush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Iridaceae

Iris missouriensis Nutt. Western Blue Flag. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Moist east-facing slope with deep grass. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, then 1.4 mi. north on Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1370. 29 May 2016. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00063420^‡ OBI83168^‡ UC UCR277977^‡ ) . .

Sisyrinchium montanum Greene. Rocky Mountain Blue-Eyed Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Determination tentative, no open flowers, fruit developing. Tom Schweich 1617. 6/3/2018. In fruit. Tom Schweich 1621. 6/16/2018. Determination tentative, outer spathe bract slightly longer than inner, in fruit. Tom Schweich 1949. 6/23/2020. Tom Schweich 1978. 7/12/2020. Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings 3730. 6/28/2024. .

Juncaceae

Juncus arcticus (Willd.) Trautv. var. balticus (Willdenow) Trautvetter. (Syn: Juncus arcticus (Willd.) Trautv. ssp. ater (Rydb.) Hult�n , Juncus ater Rydb. , Juncus balticus Willd. , Juncus balticus Willd. ssp. ater (Rydb.) Snogerup , J. balticus Willd. var. montanus Engelm. ) Arctic Rush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 1 m.; Leaves, basal sheaths only; Inflorescence, appears lateral; Bract, appearing to be extension of stem, 14-18 cm., >stem; Flowers, many per stem, (obs. 20); Stamens, 5. Described from Coll. No. 1269, 29 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 330 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1269. 29 Jul 2015. ( KHD00060470^‡ ) . .

Juncus bufonius L. Toad Rush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, to 15 cm., of wet places; Leaves, basal and cauline, sheath 19-20 mm., not bristle-tipped, auricles 0, blade, 45 mm., rolled, not equitant (leaves of two ranks each folded in half); Inflorescence, >½ total height of plant, appears terminal, bract erect, ±=inflorescence, but does not appear be a continuation of stem, 12-15 heads per inflorescence; Perianth, 3-5-4.0 mm.; Capsule, 3 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide, oblong; Seeds, 0.3 mm., brown, not tailed. Described from Coll. No. 1203, 12 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Muddy flat with sheet flow water. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.0 mile north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1689.4 28 Jun 2017. ( KHD00065584^‡ ) Muddy terrace created by diversion of a small stream. Also collected here: Alopecurus carolinianus, Limosella aquatica, Crassula aquatica, Veronica peregrina, Erythranthe floribunda, and Plagiobothrys scouleri var. hispidulus. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.1 mi. on Plainview Road, then 500 m. east to a muddy terrace above Coal Creek, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2123. 6 Jul 2019. ( OBI186048^‡ ) . .

Juncus interior Wiegand. Inland Rush. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial graminoid, to 45 cm., Culm, 40 cm, round, 1 mm. dia.; Leaves, basal, outer, 7 mm., sheath-like, inner, sheath, 80 mm., open, ligule, 0.5 mm., membraneous, blade, 225 mm., rolled; Bracts, #2, 85 mm., 46 mm.; Pedicel, 3 mm., bract, 2 mm.; Flowers, #17, closely subtended by a pair of scarious bracteoles; Tepals, 3.2 mm. lanceolate, tip acuminate, green center, then light brown strips, then scarious margin; Capsule, 3.5 mm., rounded at summit, placenta extends nearly to tip; Seeds, 0.5 mm., oblong, not tailed, annular grooves; (Described from Coll. No. 1527, 5 August 2014).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Beside an old ranch road near the eastern boundary fence. 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, then 1.4 miles generally north on Plainview Road, then about 800 m. northeast past the old homestead to the northeast corner of the open space; about 16 km. north of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1842. 17 May 2018. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00069127^‡ UCR ^‡ ) .

Liliaceae

Calochortus gunnisonii S. Watson. Gunnison's Mariposa Lily. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1433. 7/26/2015. In fruit, scattered thoughout this field. Tom Schweich 1443. 7/29/2015. Gentle slope, southeast aspect, collected with Helianthus pumilis, Artemisia ludoviciana, and Hesperostipa comata. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 50 m. east into open prairie, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweish 2120. 6 Jul 2019. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00072731^‡ UCR ) .

Poaceae

Achnatherum Beauv. (=Stipa L.) Needlegrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, could be A. nelsonii or A. lettermanii Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3308. 6/22/2023. . .

Aegilops cylindrica Host. (Syn: Cylindropyrum cylindricum (Host) �.L�ve ) Jointed Goat Grass. Weed: CO DofA, List: B. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Colorado Noxious Weed List B. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72, Coal Creek Canyon Road, from CO Highway 93, 0.8 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 250 m. a little south of east on a gasline access road to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1921. 3 Jun 2018. ( CDA0052360^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00069370^‡ OBI171080^‡ ) . .

Agrostis gigantea Roth. (Syn: Agrostis alba L. ) Redtop. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 95 cm., rhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, sheath, 80 mm., open, glabrous, ligule, membranous, 4 mm., auricles, absent, blade, 70 mm. × 2 mm. wide, flat, scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 15 cm. × 4 cm. wide, 5-7 branches; Rachis, not extended, sparsely scabrous; Spikelets, many, 2.3 mm. × 0.7 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 0.7-2.0 mm., 1-flowered; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 1.8 mm., veins, #1, sparsely scabrous, upper, 1.8 mm., >lowest floret, veins, #3, obscure, ±parallel; Lemma, 1.7 mm., <glumes, membranous, veins, ≤3; Palea, 1.0 mm., <lemma; Anthers, #3, 1.2 mm. (Described from Coll. No. 1980, 13 July 2018.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 70 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1225. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062288^‡ UC ) Site of a small reservoir now filled with sediment. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.5 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 260 m. north, 16 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1980. 13 Jul 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00069363^‡ REGIS ) . .

Agrostis stolonifera L. Creeping Bentgrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, 85-100 cm., decumbent at base or not, weakly rhizomatous, 1 of 6 collections has a 2.5 cm. scaly rhizome; Stem, nodes green; Leaves, sheath, open, glabrous at summit, ligule, membraneous, 4 mm., angled, chartaceous tissue extending down sheath 20 mm., auricles, 0-1 mm. (double fold of proximal blade margin), blade, 80-85 mm. × 3.2-3.8 mm. wide, scabrous adaxially; Inflorescence, open panicle, 18 cm. × 14 cm. wide, deltate, branches not bearing spikelets to base; Spikelets, 1 per node, on 1�-3� panicle branches, axis not extended beside or above floret; Glumes, #2, 2.2-2.3 mm., ±equal, keeled, scabrous on keel, veins 1, awns 0, purplish; Disarticulation above the glumes; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Lemma, 1.8 mm., thin, transparent, except 3(5?) green veins, awns, 0-0.3 mm.; Palea, 1.3-1.5 mm.; Anthers, #3, 1.4 mm., tan with purple abaxially. Introduced. (Described from Coll. No. 1225, 16 Jul 2015, and Coll. No. 1515, 24 July 2016.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Introduced. Northern part of open space, 1.6 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, north 1.9 mi. on Plainview Road, then 300 m. northeast, almost to the boundary fence; 16.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1515. 24 Jul 2016. ( KHD00067588^‡ OBI181488^‡ ) . .

Alopecurus L. 1753 — Foxtail

[Greek, alopex, fox, + oura, tail]

Alopecurus carolinianus Walter. Carolina Foxtail. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual, clumped, to 25 cm.; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Internodes, hollow, glabrous; Sheath, 30 mm., open; Ligule, membranous, 3.8 mm., auricles, 0; Blade, 37 mm., × 2.5 mm. wide, flat, glabrous, margins, glabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, tightly contracted panicle, appearing to be a spike, 35 mm. × 6 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, glabrous; Spikelets, many, similar, borne singly, 1-flowered, 2.6 mm.; Disarticulation, below the glumes; Glumes, lower, 2.8 mm., veins (3), upper, 2.8 mm., veins (3), lateral veins pillose, keeled, keels ciliate, awns 0; Florets, 1 per spikelet; Lemma, 2.6 mm., ±=glumes, ovate, glabrous, margins connate ½, tip obtuse, awns, #1, 4 mm., bent, attached middle; Palea, absent; Anthers, 0.5 mm. (Described from Coll. No. 1917, 3 June 2018.)

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Muddy flat with sheet flow water. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.0 mile north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1689.3 28 Jun 2017. ( KHD00065150^‡ ) Annual, in sheet flow water from a small stream that has been diverted. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Roaf from CO Highway 93, 1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 400 m. a little north of east to a terrace overlooking Coal Creek. Tom Schweich 1917. 3 Jun 2018. ( COLO02347722^‡ JCOS s.n. OBI171373^‡ ) . .

Andropogon gerardii Vitman. Big Bluestem. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 85 cm., clumped, rhizomes unknown; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, 11 cm., open; Ligule, membraneous (though surrounded by hairs), 3 mm., auricles 0; Blade, soft, flat, 27 cm., hairy near ligule; Inflorescence, 80 mm., > leaves, 1-2 per stem, in 5-6 digitate branches, spikelets many; Rachis, soft bristles on margins and at nodes; Disarticulation at nodes of rachis; Spikelets in pairs, Sterile spikelet, 7 mm., pedicel 4.5 mm.; Fertile spikelet, Florets #1, Glumes, awns 0, ±equal, lower keeled, upper flattened and grooved; Lemma, 6 mm., membraneous, rolled, glabrous, tip 2-forked, awn, #1, 13 mm., bent, twisted, attached on back; Stamens, 3; Anthers, yellow; Ovary, glabrous; Stigma, feathery. (Described from Coll. No. 1060, 28 Aug 2014).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 150 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1265. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00062263^‡ OBI83287^‡ ) . .

Aristida purpurea Nutt. Purple Threeawn. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Observed on CoNPS field trip, coordinates approximate. Tom Schweich 1668. 6/10/2018. . .

Aristida purpurea Nutt. var. longiseta (Steud.) Vasey. (Syn: Aristida longiseta Steud. ) Purple Threeawn. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1140, 9 Jun 2015, characters observed: Perennial grass, 20 cm. when collected, possibly elongating in maturity; Inflorescence, panicle, branches not pulvinate, i.e., no swelling at bases of pedicels; Axis ±straight; Pedicels, stiff, ±straight; Spikelets with 1 floret; Glumes, 2, lower, 11 mm., veins 1, upper, 20 mm.; Lemma, 11 mm., smoothly transitioning to awns without twisted column, apex 0.4-0.6 mm. wide, awns, 3, 58 mm., straight. Described from Coll. No. 1140, 9 Jun 2015, determined var. longiseta per length of upper glumes and dimensions of lemma.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Also here: Nassella viridula and Bouteloua curtipendula. Variety longiseta if infraspecific names are to be applied. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 135 m. southwest onto a slightly dryer ridge above the road, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1972. 13 Jul 2018. ( COLO02347755^‡ CS OBI158891^‡ ) . .

Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Sideoats Grama. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Few plants in a small area. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 100 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1766. 1 Sep 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065146^‡ ) . .

Bromus briziformis Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Rattlesnake Brome. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual grass, 30-40 cm., clumped; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, closed; Ligule, membraneous, ciliate; Blade, 120 mm. × 4 mm. wide, flat, hairy; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, nodding, raceme or few-branched panicle, >leaves; Rachis, not extended, scabrous; Spikelets, many, 16-20 mm. × 8-10 mm. wide, similar, borne singly, pedicels, 18-22 mm.; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, unknown, rachilla seems pretty tough; Glumes, spreading at 45� to rachilla, lower, 5.5 mm., veins, #5, terete, upper, 7.0 mm., <lowest floret, veins, #9, ±parallel, membraneous, tough, awns, #0; Florets, 10-12 per spikelet, spreading at 45� to rachilla; Lemma, 8 mm., >glumes, ovate, membraneous, rolled, glabrous, tan, veins, #9, not uniformly spaced, ±parallel, margins, scarious, tip acute, awns, #0; Palea, 6 mm., membraneous, ciliate, tip, unknown, color, tan; Stamens, none seen; Achene, 5 mm., brown, fused to lemma and palea (Described from Coll. No. 2167, 21 July 2019).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1455. 8/28/2015. . .

Bromus inermis Leyss. (Syn: B. inermis Leyss. ssp. inermis ) Smooth Brome. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass to 1 m., rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, 8-11 cm., closed, ligule, <1 mm., membraneous, blade, 12-17 cm × 0.5 cm., flat, soft, with a distinguishing fold, usually described as an “M” or a “W” that is difficult to see when dry; Inflorescence, panicle, 15 cm. × 4 cm. wide, multiple 1° branches per node, mostly on one side of rachis; Spikelets, 1 per node on 1° and 2° panicle branches, 15-24 mm. × 5 mm. wide, laterally compressed, 2-6 florets per spikelet; Glumes, 2, keeled, glabrous, lower, 7-8 mm., veins 1 upper, 8-10 mm., <lowest floret; Rachilla, sparsely hairy on abaxial side, extended beyond uppermost floret or not; Callus, small, glabrous; Lemma, 11-12 mm., veins, 3, 5, 7, obvious, tip bifid, some awned; Awn (when present), 1.0-1.6 mm., arising near tip of lemma; Palea, 9 mm., veins ciliate. (Described from Coll. No. 1113, 26 May 2014, and Coll. No. 1219, 16 Jul 2015).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 40 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1219. 16 Jul 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062260^‡ UC ) . .

Bromus japonicus Thunb. Japanese Cheat Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Coll. No. 1207, 13 Jul 2015, characters observed: Annual grass, to 40 cm.; Leaves, sheath, 60 mm. closed + 12 mm. open, pilose (but not densely so), ligule, membraneous, + some hairs, blade, hairy; Inflorescence, panicle, >leaves; Pedicel, 20 mm.; Spikelets, 1-3 per panicle branch, 22 mm. × 6 mm. wide, elliptical, drooping; Glumes, #2, <lowest floret, lower, 4.5 mm., veins 3, upper, 5.5 mm., veins 5; Rachilla, short hairy; Callus, glabrous; Florets, #12, 2-ranked, closely held hiding rachilla; Disarticulation between florets; Lemma, 8 mm. × 4 mm. wide, margin, hyaline, 0.5 mm., tip bifid, awn, #1, 5-12 mm. long, mid-spikelet awns longest, flattened at base, not twisted, attached near bifid tip. Described from Coll. No. 1207, 13 Jul 2015.

Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm. (=Bouteloua dactyloides (Nutt.) J.T. Columbus) Buffalo Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In a somewhat elevated drier location between the tracks of an old road. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.1 mile north on Plainview Road, then 120 m. northeast on an old ranch road now used as a service road. Tom Schweich, with Jerry Bader and Anthony Massaro 1674. 19 Jun 2017. ( CAS CDA0050010^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00065152^‡ ) . .

Dactylis glomerata L. Orchard Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 1.0-1.2 m., not rhizomatous, basal or subterranean internodes not swollen; Stem herbaceous; Leaf, Sheath open and closed observed, published descriptions are roughly equally divided as to whether the sheath is open or closed, Ligule membraneous, 5 mm.; Blade, differentiated from sheath, base not constricted, soft, 25 cm. × 0.7 cm. wide, not sharp-pointed; Auricle, rounded, <1 mm., generally described as 0; Infloresence exceeding leaves, 13 cm., panicle, well developed, erect, 1° branches open, branching 4� or 5�; Spikelets not enclosed in a bur-like involucre, not subtended by bristles or long silky hairs, similar throughout plant, all on one side of rachis, crowded in dense clusters, on 2°-4° panicle branches ~~1 per node,~~ axis few hairy, some spikelets appear to be infertile; Glumes, 2 < lowest floret, lower, 3.5 mm, smaller and thinner than upper, 6 mm., keeled, glabrous to ciliate on keel, else sparsely hairy; Florets not modified into bulblets 4+ per spikelet , have feathery stigma-like material but no ovary (immature?), uppermost vestigal floret not club-shaped rudiment (as seen in Melica); Lemma lowest largest, 5 mm., reduced above, keeled, line of hairs on keel, 5 veins, tip forked, awn 1.0-1.5 mm.; Palea light green with 2 veins forked at tip. Described from Collection No. 815, 9 May 2012, Alameda County, CA and Coll. No. 1111, 26 May 2015, Jefferson County, CO.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, In and around a small group of ponderosa pines. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.8 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. southwest upslope.15.8 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1418. 10 Jun 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063435^‡ UC ) Tom Schweich 1439. 7/26/2015. Tom Schweich 1446. 7/29/2015. . .

Danthonia spicata (L.) P. Beauv. ex Roem. & Schult. Poverty Oatgrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Previously collected nearby: Amorpha nana, Dianthus armeria, Muhlenbergia wrightii, and Sorghastrum nutans. Northwest corner of park, 1.7 mi. west on CO highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 2.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 445 m. west to the base of the east limb of a small hogback, 21.4 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden, Tom Schweich 2162. 16 Jul 2019. ( Golden ) . .

Echinochloa muricata (P. Beauv.) Fernald var. microstachya Wiegand. Rough Barnyardgrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Annual grass, to 80 cm.; Roots, fibrous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Blades, soft; Sheath, open; Ligule, absent Blade, flat, glabrous, margins scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per stem, to 8 cm., 5-8 branches, branches 15-45 mm.; Rachis, winged; Spikelets, similar, borne singly, 3 mm. × 1.6 mm. wide, margins, short hairy; Glumes, lower absent, upper, 1.0-1.5 mm., margin barely ciliate; Lemma, 3 mm., >. glumes, ovate, margin hairy, tip, acute, not withering, not differentiated from the body, awn 0-1.8 mm., sterile lemma hairs slightly pustulate; Fruit, greenish-yellow (Described from Coll. No. 1061, 28 Aug 2014).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1296. 9 Sep 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD56536^‡ UC UCR267489^‡ ) In gravel of small stream delta. Also collected here: Bidens frondosa. High plains above Rocky Flats, 19.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden, 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 0.9 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 290 m. west to a small reservoir. Tom Schweich 2203. 27 Aug 2019. ( CDA0052312^‡ COLO2434553^‡ OBI186028^‡ ) . .

Elymus canadensis L. Canadian Wildrye. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 0.7-1.2 m., non-rhizomatous; Culm, cauline nodes hidden by sheath; Inflorescence, terminal spike, 20 cm. × 1.5 cm. wide, ±erect to curving to drooping; Rachis, mostly glabrous, internodes, 5 mm.; Spikelets, sessile, 2 per node, 15 mm. × 5 mm. wide (excluding awns), ascending; Glumes, #2, 21-25 mm., nearly subulate, flattened and slightly broadened above base, indistinct body 8-10 mm. × 1 mm. wide + awn 14-15 mm., veins 5?, entire, scabrous; Florets, #5, bisexual; Rachilla, short hairy; Callus, glabrous; Lemma, 10-13 mm., veins 5, rounded, hairy, awns, #1, 22-35 mm., curving when dry; Palea, 9.5 mm.; Stamens, #3, 4 mm. Described from Coll. Nos. 1237 and 1699.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Gravelly stream terrace. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.2 miles north on Plainview Road, west side of road. Tom Schweich 1699. 7 Jul 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065416^‡ ) Approx. centroid of park, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.2 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, in the ditch on the west side of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 2159. 17 Jul 2019. ( CDA0052307^‡ OBI ^‡ UCR ) . .

Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey. (Syn: E. longifolius (J. G. Sm.) Gould , Sitanion hystrix (Nutt.) J. G. Sm. ) Squirreltail Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass to 50 cm., clumped; Inflorescence, bilateral spike; Rachis, internodes, 6.4 mm., breaking apart when mature; Spikelets, 2 per node; Glumes, #2, subulate, 62-65 mm.; Florets, #3, lowest 2 fertile, upper sterile; Lemma, 10 mm. + awn 50 mm., veins, #5, converging; Palea, 9 mm., 1 of 2 veins slightly extended as bristle. Variety brevifolius if infraspecific names are to be applied. Described from Coll. No. 1717, 28 July 2017.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 395 meters west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1717. 28 Jul 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065149^‡ UCR ^‡ ) Subspecies brevifolius if infraspecific names are to be applied. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.5 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 40 m. north into grassy field, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1976. 18 Jul 2018. ( COLO02347789^‡ OBI158889^‡ UC ) . .

Glyceria elata (Rydb.) M. E. Jones. Fowl Manna Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 60-70 cm., of wetlands; Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Sheath closed to near top; Ligule membraneous; Blade 25-30 cm. x 8 mm. wide, soft, thin, rows of dots parallel to veins; Inflorescence well-developed, open; Compression weak lateral; Spikelets, many, similar, 1 per node on 1� and 2� branches, ovoid (not cylindric), many florets; Glumes, reduced to small scales, glabrous, awns 0; Lemma, glabrous, veins many, awns 0, tip boat-shaped; Ovary (can't visualize, immature?) (Described from Coll. No. 869, 23 Jun 2012).

Hesperostipa comata (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth. (Syn: Stipa comata Trin. & Rupr. ) Needle and Thread. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, 50 cm., clumped, nonrhizomatous; Roots, fibrous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated; Sheath, 100-120 mm., open ≥½, glabrous; Ligule, membranous, length 3.7 mm., lacerate into 2 equal parts, auricles 0; Blade, 60 mm., involute, glabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, >leaves, panicle, 200 mm. × 30 mm. wide; Rachis, not extended, somewhat scabrous throughout; Spikelets, many, similar, borne singly; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Glumes, lower, 23-34 mm., veins #3, upper, 23-29 mm., veins #5, awl-shaped, rounded, membranous, ±equal, tip, very narrow, not awned; Florets, 1 per spikelet; Callus, 4.5-50 mm., sharp, straight hairs 1.0-1.5 mm., color tan; Lemma, 9.5-10.0 mm., rolled, indurate, straight hairy 0.5 mm., color white-tan, veins #3(?), awns, #1, 125-160 mm., twisted and short straight hairy proximal 45 mm., bent, scabrous distally; Palea, 9 mm., ±lemma, few white hairs on mid-vein; Stamens, #3; Anthers, 6.5 mm. (Described from Coll. No. 1890, 28 May 2018).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, expected 1576. 7/5/2017. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.4 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 210 m. east northeast to an old ranch road, 15.55 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1935. 14 Jun 2018. ( JCOS s.n. ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.3 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 170 m. east northeast to an old ranch road, 15.50 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1936. 14 Jun 2018. ( COLO02348217^‡ OBI169938^‡ ) . .

Hesperostipa spartea (Trin.) Barkworth. Porcupine Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, to 80 cm., clumped; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath, open; Ligule, membraneous, 5 mm., forked, auricles, 2.5, 5.0 mm.; Blade, flat, glabrous, sparsely scabrous; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, 25 cm., panicle, branching evident, >leaves; Rachis, glabrous, not extended beyond upper spikelet; Spikelets, many, similar, 1 per node; Compression, unremarkable; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Glumes, both present, ±equal, 25 mm., rounded, veins #5, awns 0, tip somewhat awn-like, margins entire; Callus, sharp, 2.5 mm.; Lemma, 11-14 mm., < glumes, tough, rolled, color, medium brown, veins ≥5, hairs, to 2 mm proximally to glabrous distally, color dark brown, awns, #1, 9.5 cm., twisted, attached, end; Palea, ±lemma, glabrous. Described from Coll. No. 1681, 28 June 2017.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1618. 6/14/2018. Along a faint old ranch road that goes in the general direction of the original homestead. "Rare and relictual in tall grass prairie along the base of the Front Range (Weber & Wittman, 2012)." High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 miles north on Plainview Road, then 205meters east northeast into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1681. 28 Jun 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065210^‡ OBI183254^‡ ) Somewhat ambiguous as to H. comata or H. spartea. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 1.1 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 25 m. east, 15.06 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1941. 14 Jun 2018. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00068990^‡ ) Lemmas 12 to 14 mm., hairs brown. Tom Schweich 1964. 7/12/2020. . .

Hordeum jubatum L. Foxtail Barley. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Koeleria macrantha (Ledeb.) Schult. Prairie Junegrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial bunch grass, to 45-55 cm., non-rhizomatous; Leaves, mostly basal or lowest cauline, cauline, sheath, 90 mm., open, ligule, <1-1.5 mm., membraneous, auricles, 0, blade, 40 mm., tip prow-shaped or merely constricted; Inflorescence, panicle, 60 mm. × 9 mm., shiny in anthesis due to exposure of translucent palae, short branches, branches short soft hairy; Spikelets, 5 mm., 1 per node on 1°-3° or indistinct panicle branches; Glumes, lower, 3 mm., veins 1, upper, 4 mm., veins 3; Florets, 3, #1 and #2 pistillate, #3 staminate, or variously mixed bisexual and pistillate, open, i.e., palea separated from lemma; Disarticulation, between florets; Rachilla hairy, extends nearly 1 mm. above upper floret (or not); extension undecorated; Lemma, 4.5 mm., veins 5, short hairy throughout, awn, 0-0.5 mm., short, soft; Palea, =lemma, translucent or colorless, exposed, i.e., outside lemma.; Stamens, 3, 1.8 mm. Described from Coll. No. 1131, 9 June 2015, and Coll. No. 1144, 15 Jun 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 85 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1117. 28 May 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060371^‡ UC UCR266087^‡ ) In and around a small group of ponderosa pines. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.8 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. southwest upslope.15.8 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1419. 10 Jun 2016. ( COLO02347748^‡ CS EIU ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 “Coal Creek Canyon Road” from CO Highway 93, 1.3 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then 40 m. east to an old ranch road, 15.4 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1934. 14 Jun 2018. ( CDA0052362^‡ OBI180155^‡ REGIS ) . .

Muhlenbergia Schreb. — Muhly

Upper glume, teeth, #3 . . . M. montana

Muhlenbergia montana (Nutt.) Hitchc. Mountain Muhly. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 50 cm., caespitose; Leaves, sheath, open, ligule, membraneous, 4.5 mm., auricles, 0, blade, 110 mm. × 1 mm. wide; Inflorescence, rather sparse contracted panicle, 120 mm.; Florets per spikelet, #1; Glumes, #2, papery, toothed, lower, 1.5 mm., upper, 2 mm., teeth 3; Lemma, 3 mm. + awn 13 mm., flexuous, tuft of hairs at base; Palea, 2.8 mm. Described from Coll. No. 1282, 28 Aug 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 700 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1282. 28 Aug 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00060445^‡ UC UCR267480^‡ ) Open grassy field below what appears to be a small water diversion. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.5 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 120 m. north, 15.8 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1981. 13 Jul 2018. ( COLO02347771^‡ CS OBI158894^‡ ) Tom Schweich, with Cynthia Hastings and Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3828. 8/30/2024. . .

Muhlenbergia wrightii Vasey ex J.M. Coult. Spike Muhly. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 60 cm., caespitose; Culms, erect, not rooting at nodes, short hairy; Leaves, sheath, open, 12 cm., ligule, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles 0, blade, 12 cm. × 1.5 mm., folded; Inflorescence, narrow (4 mm.) spike-like panicle; Spikelets, neither enclosed in burs nor in pairs; Florets, 1 per spikelet, reduced florets absent; Glumes, ±equal, 1.5 mm. + awn 0.5 mm.; Disarticulation, above the glumes; Lemma, 2 mm. × 0.5 mm. wide + awn 0.5 mm. (usually described as “mucronate” rather than awned); Palea, ?. Described from Coll. No. 1276, 30 Jul 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, 16.5 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Northwest corner of the Ranson/Edwards parcel, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 2.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. west northwest, nearly to the parcel boundary at the base of a hogback. Tom Schweich 1563. 8 Sep 2016. ( CS JCOS s.n. KHD00063442^‡ ) . .

Nassella viridula (Trin.) Barkworth. (Syn: Stipa viridula Trin. ) Green Needlegrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, 70-100 cm., clumped, non-rhizomatous; Stem, herbaceous; Leaves, cauline, sheath, 17 mm., ligule, 3 mm., membraneous, collar with few hairs at sides, blade, to 30 cm., convolute; Inflorescence, 1 per culm, panicle, 20-25 cm.; Rachis, lightly scabrous, not extended beyond upper spikelet; Compression, unremarkable; Spikelets, 1 per node; Florets, 1 per spikelet, bisexual; Glumes, 2, 8-9 mm., ±equal, rounded, membraneous, colorless, exc. 3 green veins, tip, short (2 mm.) hair-like awn; Disarticulation, above the glumes, Florets, 1 per spikelet; Callus, short; Lemma, 5-6 mm. × 1.2 mm. wide, <glumes, green, hairy, <1 mm., indurate, enclosing grain, awns, #1, 20-25 mm., twisted, bent, short hairy (±0.2 mm.); Palea, 1.5-2.0 mm., <lemma, membraneous, glabrous; Stamens, #3. Described from Colls. No. 1146, 1652, and 1698.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, On an old ranch road that heads in the direction of the original homestead. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.3 miles north on Plainview Road, then 60 meters east. Tom Schweich 1698. 7 Jul 2017. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00065415^‡ ) Also here: Aristida purpurea and Bouteloua curtipendula. Highest plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 from CO Highway 93, 1.4 mi. generally north on Plainview Road, then about 135 m. southwest onto a slightly dryer ridge above the road, 15.5 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1971. 13 Jul 2018. ( COLO02348548^‡ CS ) . .

Panicum virgatum L. Switchgrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Growing in the former access road to a clay pit. High Plains above Rocky Flats, near northwest corner of Ranson/Edwards, 1.7 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.9 mi. generally north to a private road, then 200 m. west along the northern boundary fence, 21.7 km. north northwest of Golden. Tom Schweich, with Cindy Trujillo 2225. 10 Sep 2019. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00070513^‡ OBI186061^‡ UCR ) . .

Phleum pratense L. Timothy. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 90 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1216. 16 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060561^‡ OBI83188^‡ UCR267685^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 300 m. east northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1268. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060443^‡ UC ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 16.25 km north northwest of Golden, 1.8 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 315 m. southwest of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1295. 9 Sep 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00060444^‡ ) . .

Poa compressa L. Canada Bluegrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial, 35-80 cm.; Root fibrous; Rhizomes not seen to numerous; Culms, compressed; Nodes, compressed; Leaf blade and sheath differentiated, soft; Sheath 40-55 mm., open top ¾ to full length; Blade, 40-55 mm., folded; Ligule membraneous, 1-4 mm.; Inflorescence 1 per culm, panicle, contracted, > leaves, 45 mm. × 12 mm. wide, spikelets many; Compression, lateral; Disarticulation, above the glumes, between the florets; Spikelets, similar, 1 per node, 1�-3� branches, 4 mm. × 1.5 mm. wide, bisexual; Florets per spikelet 3-5; Glumes #2, lower, 2(3) mm., veins #3, upper, 2.2(3) mm., < lowest floret; Callous glabrous; Lemma, 2 mm., keeled, few hairs near base, veins, 5 neither equally spaced nor prominent (much easier to see if you soften the lemmas with Pohl's solution!), tip, obtuse, awns 0; Palea, 2 mm., veins, green, sparsely scabrous; Anthers, #3, 1.6 mm.; Ovary glabrous. Described from Coll. No 861, 1231, and 1677.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Relatively short stature, in drier areas. 1.7 miles west of Colorado Highway 93 on Colorado Highway 72 (Coal Creek Canyon Road), 1.2 miles north on Plainview Road, then 67 meters east into the open field. Tom Schweich 1677. 28 Jun 2017. ( CS EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00065418^‡ ) . .

Poa pratensis L. (Syn: P. agassizensis B. Boivin & D. L�ve ) Kentucky Bluegrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 40-75 cm.; Roots fibrous; Rhizomes slender, light-colored, 0.8-1.0 mm. dia., to 12 cm.; Culm, not bulbous at base, not strongly flattened; Nodes; Leaf blades and sheath differentiated, soft, Sheath, 85-130 mm., open at least ½; Auricles 0; Ligules membraneous, ≤1 to 1.8 mm.; Blade, lower involute or folded, upper flat, 25-75 mm. × 3 mm. wide, margin, scabrous, tip ±prow-shaped (or not); Inflorescence 1 per culm, terminal, panicle, 70-130 mm. × 33-65 mm. wide, pyramidal, branches scabrous; Rachis, not extended, glabrous; Spikelets, 4-5 mm. × 2.5 mm. wide, similar throughout plant, singly pedicelled on 2°-5° branches, pedicels 0.5-2.0 mm., with both pistillate and staminate florets; Compression lateral; Disarticulation above the glumes; Glumes, keeled, keels, glabrous, scabrous, or with small line of stiff hairs distally, lower, 2.0-2.8 mm., <lowest lemma, veins 1 or 3, upper, 2.5-3.0 mm., veins 3; Florets, #(2)3-4 per spikelet (eliminates Agrostis), mostly bisexual; Rachilla, extends 1 mm. above upper floret, not hairy; Callus long cobwebby hairs (distinctive!), or with some cobwebby hairs, but cobwebby hairs also elsewhere; Lemma 2.7-3.0 mm., >glumes, glabrous, veins 3-5, likely 5 as the 2 outer veins that are visible are quite near margins, short hairy on keel and margins cobwebby proximally, margins scarious, tip broadly acute, Awns 0; Palea 2.3-3 mm., ≤lemma, membraneous, green, esp. on veins, keel scabrous, intercostal regions narrow and glabrous; Anthers #3, 1-1.6 mm., purple (streaked); Stigma feathery, white. Described from Coll. Nos. 470 & 860, Mono County, CA, and Coll. Nos. 1118, 1420 & 1889, 2057, Jefferson County, CO. Subspecies of P. pratensis are not recognized in Colorado (Weber&Wittmann 2012, Ackerman 2015).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Sloping bank of creek, perennial grass, rhizomatous. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 100 m. east of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1118. 28 May 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD56951^‡ UCR266086^‡ ) In and around a small group of ponderosa pines. Collected with Dactylis glomerata and Koeleria macrantha. 1.6 mi. west on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, 1.8 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 350 m. southwest upslope.15.8 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1420. 10 Jun 2016. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00063445^‡ UC ) . .

Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash. Little Bluestem. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.8 km north northeast of Golden, 1.4 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 125 m. northeast of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1262. 29 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060558^‡ OBI83212^‡ UC UCR267474^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 120 meters west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1713. 28 Jul 2017. ( CAS COLO02348084^‡ EIU JCOS s.n. ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 35 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1764. 1 Sep 2017. ( CDA0052333^‡ CS JCOS s.n. UCR ^‡ ) . .

Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash. Yellow Indian Grass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial warm season grass, to 1.2 m.; Inflorescence, panicle, 12 cm., color distinct yellowish; Spikelets, paired (theoretically), sessile spikelet present, pedicellate spikelet absent leaving a hairy pedicel; Compression, ±dorsal (upper glume flattened); Glumes, 6 mm., ±equal, veins 7 prominent green, upper glabrous, lower hairy; Florets, 2 per spikelet, lower floret reduced and sterile, upper floret perfect; Lemma, 4.5 mm., membraneous, apex bifid and awned, awn, 12 mm., twisted, bent once; Palea, reduced or missing; Stamens, 3, 4 mm., yellow; Stigmas, 2, feathery, pink (turning brown?). (Described from Coll. No. 1249, 26 Jul 2015).

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.2 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, 100 m. west of Plainview Road. Tom Schweich 1249. 26 Jul 2015. ( JCOS s.n. KHD00060557^‡ UCR267463^‡ ) 16.5 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Northwest corner of the Ranson/Edwards parcel, 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road from CO Highway 93, 2.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 360 m. west northwest, nearly to the parcel boundary at the base of a hogback. Tom Schweich 1562. 8 Sep 2016. ( COLO02348464^‡ CS KHD00063446^‡ OBI83371^‡ ) High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 mi. west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 1.6 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 35 meters southwest on the slope above the road. Tom Schweich 1762. 1 Sep 2017. ( CAS JCOS s.n. ) . .

Spartina pectinata Bosc ex Link. Prairie Cordgrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Relatively moist area, but not quite a wetland. High plains above Rocky Flats, 15.4 km north northeast of Golden, 1.3 miles north of CO State Highway 72 on Plainview Road, then 840 m. west of Plainview Road, nearing the railroad tracks at the top of the park. Tom Schweich 1288. 28 Aug 2015. ( CAS JCOS s.n. KHD00062389^‡ OBI83224^‡ UC UCR267485^‡ ) . .

Sporobolus heterolepis (A. Gray) A. Gray. Prairie Drop-seed. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to 40 cm., caespitose; Leaves, mostly basal, ≥inflorescence; Inflorescence, (immature) 10 cm. × 2 cm. wide, open panicle; Spikelets, 1 per node, 4-5 mm.; Florets, 1 per spikelet; Glumes, #2, awns 0, lower, 4 mm., <lemma, upper, 5 mm., ≥lemma; Lemma, 4 mm., veins 1, awn 0. Described from Coll. No. 1714.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Determination tentative. Tom Schweich 1479. 7/24/2016. On a small terrace on the north side of intermittent creek. 1.7 mi. west on CO Highway 72 Coal Creek Canyon Road, from CO Highway 93, 1.2 mi. north on Plainview Road, then 45 m. west of Plainview road, 15.3 km. north northwest of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 1555. 3 Sep 2016. ( REGIS ) Within an arm's length of Coll. No. 1713, Schizachyrium scoparium. Collected a little early in the season for this C₄, warm season grass. High plains above Rocky Flats, 1.7 miles west on Colorado Highway 72 from Colorado Highway 93, 0.8 miles north on Plainview Road, then 120 meters west into open prairie. Tom Schweich 1714. 28 Jul 2017. ( CAS COLO02348100^‡ EIU JCOS s.n. KHD00065417^‡ UC UCR ^‡ ) . .

Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey. (Syn: Elytrigia intermedia (Host) Nevski , Elymus hispidus (Opiz) Melderis ) Intermediate Wheatgrass. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

Perennial grass, to >1 m., rhizomatous; Leaves, sheath, open, 19 cm., outer margin ciliate proximally, ligules, membraneous, 1 mm., auricles, 0, blade, 24 cm., involute; Inflorescence, 2-sided spike; Spikelets, 1 per node, sessile, ascending; Glumes, ±equal, 7.5-8.0 mm., stiff, veins 5, tip offset mucronate, awn 0, sparsely hairy on veins and margins; Florets per spikelet, 6; Lemma, 9 mm., stiff, veins 5, tip rudimentary awn; Palea, 8.5 mm., robust, fused to grain. Described from Coll. No. 1272, 20 July 2015.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich 1452. 8/20/2015. Between two thickets of Prunus virginiana on the same break in slope. Collected nearby: Lithospermum occidentale; observed nearby: Toxicodendron rydbergii. High plains above Rocky Flats, west 1.7 mi. on CO Hwy 72 from CO Hwy 93, generally north 1.0 mi. on Plainview Road, then 400 m. east to a small break in slope, 19.6 km. north northeast of the GNIS location of Golden. Tom Schweich 2126. 6 Jul 2019. ( CDA0052299^‡ JCOS s.n. KHD00070512^‡ OBI186051^‡ ) .

Typhaceae

Typha latifolia L. Cattail. CalPhotos. Jepson eFlora. SEINet Taxon.

- Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park, Tom Schweich, with Cathy Hansen-Stamp 3309. 6/22/2023. .

Total number of taxa:	256
Native Taxa: (serif, italic, bold)	195
Exotic Taxa: (sans-serif, italic)	52
Nativity Undetermined: (default font, italic)	9
Listed Weeds: Identified as Weed	12

Notes:

† -- Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria (ucjeps.berkeley.edu/consortium/).
‡ -- Southwest Environmental Information Network, SEINet. 2009-2014. http//:swbiodiversity.org/seinet/index.php. Accessed from July 2009 to September 2014.

Locations Included in This Area

Plainview.

Ranson/Edwards Homestead Open Space Park.

Bibliography

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Date and time this article was prepared: 12/9/2024 7:46:23 PM.